timeline of the prophets of israel

Some of these prophets only have their words recorded in Kings or Chronicles, while others have their words recorded elsewhere in the Bible (usually the book name is the prophets name). Eventually, however, it became apparent that the Jews would never measure up to the standard God required of them, as Malachi makes evident (chapters 1:6, 12; 2:2, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 17; 3:7, 13, 14). Situating the Prophets in Israel's History Timeline of the Prophets Related Content Donate He probably died in the Nile country. But here, as in all exposition of Scripture, we should avoid affirming as the explicit teachings of the Bible that which is our private, finite view, however plausible it may appear to be. Text from Earth's Sacred Calendar: The Dated Events of the Old Testament TWENTY-FIVE Israel's 44 Kings and Their Prophets Saul Seeks Father's Donkeys Until the Temple Starts Burning Sunday September 22 - Tishri 10, 1050 BC To Monday July 21 - Av 7, 526 BC 523 Years and 303 Days Here Paul affirms that the rejection of the Jews did not mean that the promises of God had taken none effect (Romans 9:6), and explains immediately that they are to become effective through spiritual Israel. I will call them my people, which were not my people (Romans 9:25, 26). The profound conviction that the messages of the prophets had been fulfilled led many to believe in Christ as the Son of God. Ultimately Israel was conquered by Assyria and went into captivity in 721 BC, never to return as an independent nation. Thereafter, God let out his vineyard [see Isaiah 5:1-7] unto other husbandmen who would render him the fruits in their seasons (see on Matthew 21:41). Jeremiah 12:14-16). Pride obscured their vision [see Luke 19:42]. Nehemiah 12:12, 16). x=kU0g\ET,? All who turned from idolatry to the worship of the true God, were to unite themselves with His chosen people. Then Gabriel came to reassure him of the restoration of his people and the eventual coming of the Messiah (verses 24, 25). It is possible that Hebrews 11:37 refers to this event. All nations of earth were to share in the blessings so generously bestowed upon Israel. These observations seem to place Zephaniah in the early years of Josiahs reign, perhaps about 630 B.C., as a contemporary of Habakkuk. The church in this generation has been endowed by God with great privileges and blessings, and He expects corresponding returns. In general, Old Testament promises and predictions were addressed to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them, conditional on obedience. The various abuses rebuked by Malachi are mostly the same as those Nehemiah found when he returned to Jerusalem for his second term of governorship (Malachi 3:8, 9; cf. The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. Roman Empire Map - The late date is taken here, without prejudice toward an early one. God entered into solemn covenant relationship with him (Genesis 15:18; 17:2-7), and his posterity, Israel, inherited the sacred trust of being Gods chosen representatives on earth (Hebrews 11:9) for the salvation of the entire human race. from the ends of the earth (Jeremiah 16:19), to the light of truth shining forth from the mountain of the Lord (Isaiah 2:3; 60:3; 56:7; cf. ![A1 l0.BaD Xae [#J8U!r^X O, Jerusalem would have become a great missionary center, and the earth would have been set ablaze with the light of truth in one grand, final appeal to those who had not as yet accepted the invitation of divine mercy. The close of his ministry is tentatively set by some scholars at 510. A|D.X#. In a mysterious way known only to God the prophets words were sometimes intended to meet their fulfillment in the then far-distant future. All rights reserved. Superior craftsmanship. Some scholars place this date after Nebuchadnezzar's conquest of Judah in 586 BC, but since post-exilic prophets always named Nebuchadnezzar or Babylon, I think it's more likely to have occurred during the reign of Jehoram around 840 BC (see also 2 Chronicles 21:8-10 ). % Several of his messages were against various foreign nations. In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. Check to enable permanent hiding of message bar and refuse all cookies if you do not opt in. Nothing is known of the prophet Joel beyond the fact that he was the son of Pethuel (chapter 1:1). Desiring the same blessings for themselves, they would make inquiry as to how they too might acquire these obvious material advantages. This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. Seventh-day Adventists believe that, generally speaking, the promises and predictions given through the Old Testament prophets originally applied to literal Israel and were to have been fulfilled to them on the condition that they obey God and remain loyal to Him. The only period in which the mission of Jonah to Nineveh, with its results, seems to fit is the reign of Adad-nirari III (810782). Hosea. Four eminent Hebrew prophets addressed themselves to the people of Israel and Judah in the latter half of the 8th pre-Christian century: Amos, Hosea, Micah, and Isaiah. Hosea 2:6-13). b. It was Gods design that the whole earth be prepared for the first advent of Christ, even as to-day the way is preparing for His second coming. He would be king over all the earth verses (3, 8, 9), and His dominion from sea even to sea, even to the ends of the earth (chapter 9:9, 10). Hence, the year 603 can be considered as the beginning of Daniel . Prophets arose in Israel during the period when Israel's kings challenged the people in powerthe political rulers and the economic elite. Furthermore, the fact that the people of Tyre and Sidon do not appear as hostile nations of Judah until the last decades of its history, while they are mentioned by Joel as Judahs enemies, seems also to point to a late date for the prophets ministry. Click to enable/disable Google reCaptcha. A less-well-defined school of interpretation bases its approach to the prophetic portions of the Old Testament on the theory that the prophet, while bearing messages to the people of his day, also took occasional excursions into the distant future, with the result that many of his forecasts did not apply to literal Israel at all, but were intended exclusively for Israel after the spirit, that is, for the church today. The Tabernacle of Ancient Israel - Brief Overview of the Tabernacle of Moses in the Wilderness and the Ark of the Covenant. It was His purpose to set them on high above all nations of the earth (Deuteronomy 28:1), with the result that all people of the earth would recognize their superiority and call them blessed (Malachi 3:10, 12). (prophecy of Deborah) During the Kingdom of Israel and Judah c. 1025 BC-c. 1003 BC [citation needed] King Saul, prophecy of Samuel, *This is the traditional date for Joel, but the date is uncertain and suggestions range from the ninth to the. by means of a broken line. He says specifically that by Jew he does not mean a literal Jew but one converted at heart, whether he be Jew or Gentile (chapter 2:28, 29). Under Nebuchadnezzars successors Daniels service seems not to have been desired. Continuing faithfully under the following three kings, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (chapter 1:1), he seems to have been fiercely hated by Manasseh, Hezekiahs wicked son. 1 Kings 8:41-43). Biblical Archaeology - Significant Discoveries from Ancient Empires. Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. He quotes Hosea 2:23. Nehemiah 13:10-12; Malachi 2:11-16; cf. Major Prophets: Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel. Literal Jews may still find salvation by being grafted into spiritual Israel, in precisely the same way that Gentiles are to be grafted in (verses 23, 24). Human traditions came to be honored in place of the revealed will of God (see on Mark 7:6-9). If the nation had been faithful to its trust and had appreciated the high destiny reserved for it by God, the whole earth would have awaited the coming of the Messiah with eager expectancy. In view of the light they had received from God, they were even worse than the heathen, to whom they felt so much superior. All the visions of Daniel recorded in chapters 7-12 were received during the last years of his life, the first one (chapter 7) in Belshazzars 1st year (552 or possibly later), and the last one (chapters 10-12) in the 3rd year of Cyrus, 536/35 B.C. The sons of the stranger [or Gentile, 1 Kings 8:41; see on Exodus 12:19, 43] would join themselves to the Lord, to serve him, and to love the name of the Lord (Isaiah 56:6; Zechariah 2:11). For these reasons Daniels extended prophetic ministry can be dated approximately from 603 to 535 B.C. Nothing is known concerning the prophet Habakkuk beyond his name. In the endeavor to account for this seeming enigma, Bible expositors have set forth various explanations: 1. He would renew His covenant with them (Jeremiah 31:10-38; Ezekiel 36:21-38; Zechariah 1:12, 17; 2:12), including its accompanying blessings (Jeremiah 33:3, 6-26; Ezekiel 36:8-15). Also, Jeremiah (chapter 26:18), quoting Micah (chapter 3:12), testifies that Micah ministered during Hezekiahs time. It is ever the privilege of those who witness the fulfillment of prophecy to remember and believe (John 13:19; 14:29; John 16:4). The voice of God through the prophets distinctly speaks to us today. At the time of the Babylonian captivity God had specifically announced that that experience was not to mark a full end of Israel as Gods people (Jeremiah 4:27; 5:18; 46:28). To the very last, Christ would have averted the doom of the Jewish nation if the people had received Him. Ninevehs destruction, which came in 612, is referred to as a future event, indicating that Zephaniahs work preceded this date. It ignores the plain statements of the Old Testament that Gods promises to Israel were all conditional. Jotham (750 -735) inactive in rule after Hosea Amos Zechariah Galatians 3:27-29; see on Deuteronomy 18:15). Spiritual Israel includes both Jews and Gentiles (verse 24). 1 Peter 2:6-8; 1 Corinthians 1:23) but this need not mean that they are to fallGod forbid, he exclaims (Romans 11:1, 22). But the Scriptures record the fact that they disobeyed God and proved disloyal to Him instead. The Babylonians - Learn about ancient Babylon and the people who lived there. In these tragic events the words of Moses met their final and complete fulfillment: As the Lord rejoiced over you to do you good, and to multiply you; so the Lord will rejoice over you to destroy you, and to bring you to nought; and ye shall be plucked from off the land whither thou goes to possess it. Hence, Jonah was probably the earliest of the prophets under discussion. prophecy of Jonah[1] during the time of Babylonian captivity, though dating of the book ranges from the 6th to the late 3rd century BC. prophecies of Elijah, Micaiah, and Elisha. During all these times, God sent his prophets to challenge and encourage his people. Our study of messages originally proclaimed by holy men of old to the people of their day is not to become an end in itself, but a means of discovering the will of God for all who would render Him truehearted service now, at the climax of the ages. 2nd return of exiles (458) Malachi (c. 460) 440. This leads us to conclude that Malachis work may have followed Nehemiahs first term as governor, but preceded his return to Jerusalem from the Persian capital. Note by whom it was spoken, to whom it was addressed, and the circumstances that called it forth. together with the dates and lengths of the reigns, and the prophets They were written for our admonition, upon whom the ends of the world are come (1 Corinthians 10:11). Superior intellect. This leaves Ezekiel with a ministry of at least 22 years, from 593/92 to 571/70. chapter 9:7; Isaiah 66:23). Bible Commentary / Produced by TOW Project, 10 Key Points About Work in the Bible Every Christian Should Know, Beyond Rank and Power: What Philemon Tells Us About Leadership, Learning From the Psalms How to Pray Through Your Work, Situating the Prophets in Israels History, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The table down shows where in time the . Remember that the record of Gods dealings with His people in ages past has been recorded for the benefit of all later generations to the end of time. Blogger Grid member Craig T. Owens (@craigtowens) created the helpful chart below delineating the Old Testament prophets and kings of Israel and Judah and has now updated it: [Sign up to receive in your inbox a free daily reading of the Old & New Testament from Bible Gateway]. A study of the Old Testament prophets that consists primarily of lifting selected passages here and there out of their historical context and arbitrarily applying them to our dayas if the prophet spoke exclusively for our benefitis fraught with grave danger. Israels unwillingness to submit to the restrictions and requirements of God, prevented them, to a great extent, from reaching the high standard He desired them to attain, and from receiving the blessings He was ready to bestow upon them. Click on the different category headings to find out more. 2 Kings 20:1-5; and of promised blessing, see Exodus 6:2-8; cf. The Incredible Bible - First in the BKA Series. chapter 11:9, 10). The period following 750 BC, beginning with Hosea and Amos, is often referred to as the classical period of prophecy and those prophets as writing prophets. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Bibliography Resources on the Old Testament, Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz), to the Jews Before and During the Captivity. You can check these in your browser security settings. They grasped at the material blessings so generously offered them, but refused the spiritual graces that would have transformed their lives and fitted them to be His representatives. According to the Talmud, there were 48 prophets and 7 prophetesses of Judaism. ;vx(>_w$ [U-hFzy\v?>}_|z|wxuzv/jO]vNNrz'_=}2 @/^? They cherished the idea that they were favorites of Heaven, and were ungrateful for the opportunities so graciously afforded them. By divine appointment the sacred writings were preserved, century after century, and Israel became their custodian (Amos 3:7; Romans 3:1, 2). Paul emphasizes the fact that the rejection of literal Israel as Gods chosen instrument for the salvation of the world does not mean that individual Jews can no longer be saved (chapters 9:6; 11:1, 2, 11, 15), for he is a Jew himself (chapters 9:3; 10:1; 11:1, 2). Thus it was with Daniel, a bright example of what man may become, even in this life, if he will make God his strength and wisely improve the opportunities and privileges within his reach (see Daniel 1:8-20). The Temple is mentioned as still existing (chapter 2:20), which shows that the book was written before Nebuchadnezzars destruction of Jerusalem in 586 B.C. But he will listen also for the further import the prophets words may have for later times, particularly, our time. In the lives of Gods people the truths of His word are to reveal their glory and excellence. Isaiah 54:7; Ezekiel 36:11; 43:10, 11; Micah 6:8; Zechariah 10:6). Prophets of the Assyrian Period Jonah Jonah (790-770 B.C.) What makes it challenging when reading straight through the Bible [in chronological order] is that the history is covered in 1 and 2 Kings and then again in 1 and 2 Chronicles. They looked for Messiah to reign as a temporal prince (cf. It was to be the result of wholehearted cooperation with the will of God as revealed through the prophets, and of divine blessing added to human efforts. Moses their great leader warned the people of Israel not to disobey the LORD or else: Deuteronomy 28:49-50 - "The LORD will bring a nation against you from far, from the end of the earth, as the eagle flies; a nation whose language you will not understand; a nation of fierce facial expressions, that doesn't respect the elderly, nor show favor to the young.". Indeed, this secondary application is for us today the more significant. Just because someone was mentioned in scripture, it does not mean they were a prophet, per se. Unless otherwise noted, the Scripture quotations contained herein are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, Copyright 1989, Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., and are used by permission. Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. Nehemiahs first term lasted from 444 to 432 B.C. Jonah **Uzziah is alive until 740, King of Israel Jeroboam II (793-753) Important Dates 760 750 740 (767-740**) but 750. Israel would reply, Accept our God as your God, love and serve Him as we do, and He will do the same for you. The blessings thus assured Israel were, on the same conditions and in the same degree, assured to every nation and to every individual under the broad heavens see Acts 10:34, 35; 15:7-9; Romans 10:12, 13; etc.). This prophecy must have been pronounced either before Jeroboam came to the throne (approximately 793 B.C.) God designed that Israels experience should prove to be a warning to Judah (see Hosea 1:7; 4:15-17; 11:12; Jeremiah 3:3-12; etc.). They were doing no positive good; therefore they were doing incalculable harm, and their influence became a savor of death. Added Huldah as a prophetess during the reign of Judah's King Josiah. Filed under Bible, Bible Reference, History, Infographics, Literacy, Old Testament. The Assyrian capital city of Nineveh was captured and destroyed by the combined forces of Media and Babylonia in 612 B.C., which is, accordingly, the latest possible date for Nahum. Salvation was to be of the Jews, in that the Messiah would be a Jew (John 4:22), and by the Jews, as messengers of salvation to all men (Genesis 12:2, 3; 22:18; Isaiah 42:1, 6; 43:10; Galatians 3:8, 16, 18). Joshua and Judges spoke of the history just after the time of Moses.

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