battle of yorktown muster rolls

Absent Why 2nd New Jersey Regiment (aka The Western Battalion) . These additional 420 auxiliaries joined Knoxs men who were encamped at the Artillery Park, bringing his total strength to about 800. 19, 1781 Sergt. Aerial. 09:00 to 17:00. How it ended American victory. Private Montgomery, Thomas Lynch. or Yorktown. In regard to the Militia, very little is known and that little is extremely fragmentary. Washingtons fame grew to international proportions having wrested such an impossible victory, according to the Washington Library, interrupting his much desired Mount Vernon retirement with greater calls to public service., READ MORE:Explore George Washington's life in our interactive timeline. A-029. Surrender at Oct . 40, no. [10] Jerome A. Greene, The Guns of Independence: The Siege of Yorktown, 1781 (New York: Savas Beatie, 2005), 198; Harold L. Peterson, Round Shot and Rammers (Harrisburg: Stackpole Books, 1969), 66; The Writings of George Washington from the Original Manuscript Sources 1745-1799, John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., (Washington: US Government Printing Office, 1937), 177-178; Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment of Continental Artillery, New Jersey & New York, John Lamb Papers, New York Historical Society, New York, NY, entries for October 9-16, 1781; RWPAs S8403 for Edward Elley, S38039 for Thomas Hood, S8731 for Claiborne Howard, and S17593 for George Moore. Journal of the American Revolution also produces annual hardcover volumes, a branded book series, and the podcast, Dispatches. Althause's Company of New York Volunteers Corp'l Wayne left York, Pennsylvania in late May and joined Lafayette in central Virginia on June 11. Private Sick at F On the morning of October 19, the British sent forward a red-coated drummer boy, followed by an officer waving a white handkerchief to the parapet. The British seek honorable terms of surrender, but Washington refuses as American forces were denied the that honor in Charleston, South Carolina, earlier in the war. Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. Assault upon Quebec, Dec. 31, 1775. . The musters are bound together in annual volumes for each regiment and are held in the War Office (WO) series, listed below. But historians have said it cannot be true. How Well Do You Know the Siege of Yorktown? Copyright 1996-presentThese pages may be freely linked to but not duplicated in any fashion without my written consent. 1832, he says that there are in his department no rolls of the State troops except those of Virginia, and no rolls of the militia except those of New Hampshire. The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. Muster Roll Search the online database of people who served at Valley Forge. The mission was a success, with the King agreeing to send muskets, mortars, gunpowder, and cash to America. 2. Colonial National Historical Park - Yorktown Battlefield P.O. John Althause Jr 70-104-1 (Washington: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 2007), 43; Robert Arthur, The End of a Revolution (New York: Vantage Press, 1965), 159. Jacob Rossby sick at F Oct . When they found the French fleet was instead sailing to the Chesapeake Bay, Washington concocted a new plan. v3.0, except where otherwise stated, British Army muster rolls and pay lists c.1730-1898, 3. Those of the Italian Legion no longer survive. During the American Revolution, the colonies were facing a superpower. These documents include muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other miscellaneous personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units, 1775-83. . Muster rolls and pay lists contain soldiers: From 1868 to 1883 there may be quarterly lists which contain details of men becoming non-effective. At the time, British forces were fighting on two fronts, with General Henry Clinton occupying New York City, and Cornwallis, who had already captured Charleston and Savannah, in South Carolina. His Pennsylvanians led the engagement with the British at the Battle of Green Springs on July 6, where the artillery suffered losses of men and guns. Reports of numbers of artillery pieces in batteries added after that date are inconsistent. 19, 1781. 9, while Hamiltons men were assigned No. Assuming he brought forty-five artillery pieces as planned, he would have needed approximately eight hundred men to provide crews for all pieces for alternating days on duty. containing company and regimental muster and pay rolls of the regiments of the Connecticut "Line," together with numerous militia rolls and miscellaneous papers, and the large . In this encounter, called the Battle of the Capes, the British fleet is soundly defeated and forced to abandon Cornwalliss army at Yorktown. research. Mar. Provided by Touchpoints Contact Info Mailing Address: Colonial National Historical Park - Yorktown Battlefield P.O. But her search into the past leads her to a dark secret. Harrisburg: Harrisburg Publishing Co. Harrisburg, Pa., Harrisburg Publishing Co., state printer, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Regimental histories, Pennsylvania -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Sources, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Registers, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). Private She and her husband head to Salt Lake City Utah to research Janie's elusive 4th great-grandmother. A total of 14,000 men were recruited, although none saw active service: they were disbanded after the war. There are also description books for the Royal Artillery, 1749-1863 and 1773-1876, in WO 54/260-309 and WO 69/74-80, respectively, and for the Royal Irish Artillery, 1756-1774, in WO 69/620. Oct . Wounded at Brandywine battle on September 11, 1777. The siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of the American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, and French Army troops led Outnumbered and outfought during a three-week siege in which they sustained great losses, British troops surrendered to the Continental Army and their French allies. During the day beginning on October 14 American artillerymen suffered one killed and two wounded, while the next day two men were killed and three wounded. October 11. [19] Daily Reports by Field Officers of the Batteries, GLC02437.01228, 01229 and 01232, and Invoice of stores on the lines October 19th 1781, GLC02437.01242, GLI; Howard H. Peckham, The Toll of Independence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974), 92. The musters, service records and attestation papers of the German and Swiss Legions are in WO 15, searchable by regiment in our catalogue. But I guess since, Appreciated Stuarts podcast and learned a lot. 19, 1781 19, 1781 Images of muster rolls, payrolls, strength returns, and other personnel, pay, and supply records of the American Army during the Revolutionary War. The resulting shortfall led to the assignment to Knox on October 6 of the Virginia State Regiment under Lt. Col. Charles Dabney, the Delaware Regiment under Capt. On that date less than one thousand American and French artillerymen began bombarding the British lines, initiating an eight-day assault that directly resulted in the British surrender and which had the eventual consequence of American independence. [6], Washington next ordered Brig. This series is arranged in two chronological segments (18981930 and 19311939), and thereunder alphabetically by the name or type of vessel or shore unit. Sergt. As long as a round landed behind British lines, Washingtons goal was achieved. . Private Joseph Savage to Lafayette, May 26, 1781, GLC02437.00955, Return of the Companies of Artillery attached to the Brigades of the Line-Octr 5, 1781, GLC02437.01208, and Capt. Private Samuel Eddins Company of the 1st Regiment was detached to Yorktown in February 1781 to protect prizes anchored in York River, and Capt. He would fool Clinton into thinking the Continentals were planning to attack New York while instead sneaking away to the south to attack Cornwallis, according to the Army Heritage Center Foundation. John Harley Stay up-to-date on the American Battlefield Trust's battlefield preservation efforts, travel tips, upcoming events, history content and more. Oct . . HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. Please note, a small selection of muster rolls and pay lists from WO 12 are available online via Ancestry (). see also my Artillery at Yorktown: A Statistical Overview (Part 2 of 2) The Brigade Dispatch. If you are working backwards through the musters, you may need to find the previous regimental number of a 2nd battalion. The field officer of the batteries provided a daily written report to Knox of ammunition used at each artillery position, furnishing a useful picture today of the American gunners activity. Roseman Militia, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Regimental histories, Pennsylvania -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Sources, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Registers Publisher We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. September 21, 1781, GLC02437.01186, and A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22, 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; Revolutionary War Pension Application W9944 for William Madison, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC, Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration, microfilm publication M804, Fold3.com website, accessed January 15, 2015 (location cited hereafter as RWPA). What song did the British actually play as they surrendered at Yorktown? [2], The regiment that marched south was comprised of seven companies, raised primarily in New York, whose captains were: Thomas Bliss; John Doughty; George Fleming; Thomas Machin; Gershom Mott; Jacob Reed; and William Stevens. Lists numbers of prisoners taken 19 October 1781 in the British surrender of Yorktown (excluding marine prisoners). 19, 1781 Record types contained in this collection include: Revolutionary War American Forces included various organizations formed by the Continental Congress as well as individual states, counties, and towns. They have to be taken by force. General Knox ordered Colonel Lamb to take charge of transporting the artillery and supplies, including captured pieces, to Philadelphia and the 2nd Continental Artillery accompanied the guns there before going into winter quarters at Burlington, New Jersey. Regimental musters, from the early 18th century onwards, were taken every month or quarter (frequency varied over the years) for pay and accounting purposes. Aerial Assortments. Records of some soldiers children may be found among the papers of the Duke of Yorks School and the Royal Hibernian School in WO 143, from 1801. Debeck The muster rolls are on fold3.com. [13] Henry P. Johnston, The Yorktown Campaign and the Surrender of Cornwallis 1781 (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1881), 174; William Feltman, The Journal of Lieut. After nightfall on October 14, the allies fired several consecutive shells in the air that brilliantly illuminated the sky, Chernow writes. Physicians and Surgeons with Washington at Valley Forge. The outcome in Yorktown, Virginia marked the conclusion of the last major battle of the American Revolution and the start of a new nation's independence. General Lord Cornwallis surrendering his sword and his army to General George Washington and the Continental and French armies after the final battle of the Revolutionary War on October 19, 1781 in Yorktown, Virginia. Use the arrows at the bottom of the tour to navigate between scenes and click the tour points to learn more about the battlefield. Sick at F [1] Robert Selig, The March to Victory: Washington, Rochambeau, and the Yorktown Campaign of 1781, CMH Pub. $159.99 Add to Favorites . 10 siege would be led by Colonel Alexander Hamilton. By October 7 many persons were busily employed there. 19, 1781 Since the artillerys draft horses had travelled overland and only arrived in early October, moving the guns to the Artillery Park at Yorktown was not accomplished until October 6. Record types contained in this collection include: Muster rolls Payrolls Strength returns Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. redoubts) with artillery batteries and connecting trenches. James Moore Join us online July 24-26! Available now on Amazon.com and Amazon.ca, Submitter: Linda Harper Analysis of the Muster Rolls. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence Fredk. The British, in hostile territory, held only a few coastal areas in America. The two merged in 1856, as the Royal Engineers, Infantry regiments, which had been known by numbers (for example, 28th Foot), were to become known by a title, usually a county, Regiments from the 26th Foot onwards were paired together to form new regiments (for example, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the Gloucester Regiment), Each new regiment was to have two battalions, as the first 25 Foot regiments already did, The lower number became the 1st battalion and the higher number became the 2nd battalion (thus, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the 1st and 2nd Battalions respectively of the Gloucester Regiment), All infantry regiments were placed into numbered regimental districts. Two-thirds of his attack force carried 250-kilogram semi armor-piercing bombs against Yorktown while the others carried high explosive bombs against the ship's crew. Private These records can be an excellent source for names, dates, locations, and family relationships. The second type of service . Washington's Officers at Valley Forge. Still, The World Turned Upside Down creates the perfect ending to an event that changed the nation and the world. Sick at F Description books of sappers, miners, artificers and the like, 1756-1833, are in WO 54/310-316. But plans changed. During the siege Carrington apparently also commanded the detachments of the 1st and 3rd Continental Artillery Regiments. While daylight probably saw more action than nighttime, Washington was determined to force the British to surrender before reinforcements arrived and directed that the bombardment continue around the clock. Benj. Search by name of regiment and specify the appropriate record series from the table below. [15], Daily details for the batteries totaled between 120 and 200 officers and men during the first five days of the siege, reflecting the fact that the Americans probably had a maximum of twenty pieces of ordnance mounted during that period. To trace a mans army career by way of the musters, you will have to know the name of his regiment. James Mc Owen Muster Rolls, 1860-1939. In the fall of 1781, the British occupy Yorktown, where Cornwallis intends to refit and resupply his 9,000-man army. William Stevens provided support to the infantry by advancing six 3-pounders, though the attackers were successful without that support. Search New Jersey Revolutionary War Rolls, . Why did the French send troops to aid the Continental Army in the War for Independence? Capt. 1. Of his 400 infantrymen, Hamilton lost just nine in the attack, with some 30 wounded, while the 400 French-led troops lost 27 men, with 109 wounded, according to Fleming. Some or all of the recommended publications below may be available to buy from The National Archives shop. Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers A stunning example of military prowess and skilled leadership, the Battle of Cowpens near Chesnee, South Carolina, was a critical American victory in the Revolutionary War. Within each category the records are arranged as follows: U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970, U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900, Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. The muster rolls are on fold3.com. General Nathanael Greene had taken over command of the American Continental Army in the South. Corp'l Don't miss my book on the Loyalist Isaac Vollick (aka Van Valkenburg). pp. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. Washington lauded the judicious and spirited management of [the artillery] in the parallels and Knox published his individual and collective thanks. It is where the British Army surrendered and the British government began to consider a peace treaty. The Allied lines are now within musket range of the British and American and French artillery are in place. Knoxs direction to use ricochet firing and the extensive use of howitzers and mortars reduced the need for observing precisely where each round landed, facilitating night firing. To browse this image set, select from the options below. They could strike a decisive blow to the British in New York City or aim for the south, in Yorktown, Virginia, where Gen. Charles Lord Cornwalliss troops were garrisoned. Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg Lancaster 24 April 1782 Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers Capt. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. British Half Pay in 1784. . May 1780: Sir John Johnson leads Royal Greens, Rangers, and Indians in raid on Johnstown and Caughnawaga. Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. See Mercenaries for the Crimea by C C Bayley (London, 1977). Lieut. 4, (Autumn Both sides were desperately seeking a definitive victory. The American portion of that artillery force consisted of fewer than 400 gunners of the Continental artillery. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, African Americans During the Revolutionary War, Help Save 820 Acres at Five Virginia Battlefields, Save 343 Acres at FIVE Battlefields in FOUR Western Theater States, Save 42 Historic Acres at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Phase Three of Gaines Mill-Cold Harbor Saved Forever Campaign, An Unparalleled Preservation Opportunity at Gettysburg Battlefield. 19, 1781 To identify state and military unit of interest . [11], A detail of artillerymen was appointed each day to work during daylight hours in the artillery parks laboratory where ammunition was prepared for delivery to the batteries. Their attempts prove futile. John Althause and John Ludwig De Beck and John 19, 1781 In support of this theory see Greene, The Guns of Independence, 184, 203, 271, 275, 379-380 and John Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (London: John Millan, 1768), 152-153, 204-205. It is all over. On March 5, 1782, Parliament passes a bill authorizing the government to make peace with America. Most of the muster rolls that have survived were made up just before the men were discharged from duty. Aerial Assortments. They, along with pay lists, were effectively the main everyday service records kept by the army of men in active service. After six years of war, both the British and Continental armies were exhausted. Feverishly working night and day, soldiers of the combined forces employ spades and axes to create a perimeter line of trenches that will trap the British. These show a total of 235 officers and men which, with the addition of regimental staff, is consistent with the total of 242 in the October 1, 1781 return.

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