according to the solar nebula theory, planets

Chapter 4: The Solar System: Interplanetary M, Astrononmy: The Terrestrial Planets: Ch 6, American Literature: Frederick Douglass, Olau, Jeffrey O. Bennett, Mark Voit, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas O. Schneider. Due to compression, the center of the nebula heats up and begins to glow. All the planets revolve around the Sun in the same direction, except for Venus and Uranus. The nucleus of a comet is typically The solar nebular theory has been supported by observation of dusty disks around the All the planets orbit the Sun in exactly the same plane as the Earth. 98% hydrogen and helium, 2% everything else. The input shaft for the gear train shown in figure rotates at 6840rpm6840\ \mathrm{rpm}6840rpm. These clouds are gravitationally unstable, and matter coalesces within them to smaller denser clumps, which then rotate, collapse, and form stars. The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight - Nebular hypothesis, solar system: Differentiation into inner and outer planets, solar system: The Kant-Laplace nebular hypothesis. Some of these irregularities have to do with the existence of hot Jupiters that orbit closely to their stars with periods of just a few days. We expect other solar systems to be common because while we feel that our solar system is unique or special, we also do not want to consider ourselves alone in the universe. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . How do these meteorites support the nebular theory's scenario for the formation of the terrestrial planets? What is not a line of evidence supporting the hypothesis that our Moon formed as a result of a giant impact? Originally proposed to explain the origin of the Solar System, this theory has gone on to become a widely accepted view of how all star systems came to be. n=1,690,541,699=74113232n=1,690,541,699=7^{4} \cdot 11^{3} \cdot 23^{2}n=1,690,541,699=74113232, Name each of the following molecular compounds: (6.5) a) should be a common result of star formation. We have written many articles about the Solar System here at Universe Today. [21] The formation of planets like Uranus and Neptune is more problematic, since no theory has been capable of providing for the in situ formation of their cores at the distance of 2030AU from the central star. Instead, astronomers and observers must use other indirect methods to learn about the extrasolar planets. In short, the process starts with a rotating cloud of gas and dust that contracts and flattens to form a disk around a star forming at its center. According to this theory, a star narrowly missed colliding, the late 19th century the Kant-Laplace views were criticized by the British physicist James Clerk Maxwell, who showed that, if all the matter contained in the known planets had once been distributed around the Sun in the form of a disk, the shearing forces of differential rotation would have prevented, The book included his nebular hypothesisattributing the origin of the solar system to cooling and contracting of a gaseous nebulawhich strongly influenced future thought on planetary origin. D) where the ecliptic is. The appearance and composition of these meteorites is just what we'd expect if metal and rock condensed and accreted as the nebular theory suggests. E) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune only, jupiter, saturn, uranus, and neptune only. Simulations show that the number of surviving planets is on average from 2 to 5. f. P2O5\mathrm{P}_2 \mathrm{O}_5P2O5. large jovians orbiting solar-type stars about where our jovians are found. What is true about solar system densities? So far, beyond the solar system the extrasolar planets found have been mostly Astronomy Exam 2 Flashcards | Chegg.com While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Protostar Formation & Facts | What is a Protostar? c. the direction the comet is traveling As our solar system formed, the nebular cloud of dispersed particles developed distinct temperature zones. A) orbiting around the Kuiper Belt body Hector. The terrestrial planets grow by slower accretion, and the material may have started to be cleared from the disk. D) most exoplanets are smaller than Pluto. As the denser regions pulled in more and more matter, conservation of momentum caused it to begin rotating, while increasing pressure caused it to heat up. II. e. cout << "x + y < z: " << (x + y < z) << endl; How many of the planets orbit the Sun in the same direction that Earth does? C) the direction of the Sun. d. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune only Abe Mizrahi, Edward E. Prather, Gina Brissenden, Jeff P. Adams, Jeffrey O. Bennett, Mark Voit, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas O. Schneider, Foundations of Astronomy plus The Night Sky Planisphere - Latitude 30- 40. Astronomy Unit 5 Flashcards | Quizlet The process by which small debris condenses into planetesimals is ________. solar nebular disk model (SNDM) Archives - Universe Today [72] In addition, the size of the system will shrink, because terrestrial planets will form closer to the central star. Planetary orbits c. cometary debris For example, the SNDM model has been successful in explaining the appearance of accretion discs around young stellar objects. It takes all the different kinds of information and merges them into one hypothesis that seems to match all the observations. Astronomy Ch4: The Solar System Flashcards | Quizlet Name three properties of the solar nebula still seen in planetary orbits. A) Mars. The ________ Belt bodies orbit beyond Neptune, but like the planets stay close to the ecliptic plane and in fairly circular orbits. | Nebula Types & Differences, Oceanic Ridge System: Formation & Distribution. The first one is the disk instability model, where giant planets form in the massive protoplanetary disks as a result of its gravitational fragmentation (see above). C) a few kilometers in size, and very low in density. It stops when the protoplanetary disk disappears or when the end of the disk is attained. After reviewing this lesson, you should have the ability to: 28 chapters | A) Their images become blurry due to outgassing as the Sun heats them up. There are the intrinsic gradualists and the extrinsic catastrophists. C) asteroids in the main belt According to the Solar Nebula theory, planets At the center of this thin disk of dust and gas, the sun began to form. For several decades most astronomers preferred the so-called collision theory, in which the planets were considered to have been formed as a result of a close approach to the Sun by some other star. B) a volcanic event. E) with the others, between Mars and Jupiter; their red color gives them their name. The terrestrial planets are made almost entirely of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium. b) should be extremely rare. A) spins faster due to conservation of angular momentum. But, with no container and no gravity, what is the natural shape of a blob of water? According to the nebular hypothesis for the Earth's solar system formation, heavier materials that remained closer to the Sun's initial formation continued to orbit the newly ignited Sun and. Meteoric material dates the formation of the solar system at about ________ billion years. [76] The in situ formation of closely orbiting super-Earths would require a massive disk, the migration of planetary embryos followed by collisions and mergers, or the radial drift of small solids from farther out in the disk. D) close to or at perihelion. Pluto's orbit has a lower inclination to the ecliptic than any planet or dwarf planet, One characteristic of the terrestrial planets is their extensive moon systems, All the planet's orbits are evenly spaced, All the planets revolve around the Sun in the same direction, except for Venus and Uranus. E) Trojan asteroids, Which of the following have an icy composition? The ________ planets are large bodies in the outer solar system with compositions like the Sun's. The temperature, reaction rate, pressure, and density increased until hydrostatic equilibrium was achieved. A) Trojan asteroids ASTR 129 Ch. 8 Flashcards | Quizlet a ________. Since time immemorial, humans have been searching for the answer of how the Universe came to be. Chp. 12 Flashcards | Chegg.com a. true d. IF faster due to conservation of angular momentum. A) ground based optical images. quiz 8 Flashcards | Chegg.com The NEAR spacecraft actually landed on the asteroid ________ in February 2001. The Condensation Sequences & Planetary Formation, Nebular Theory | Nebular Hypothesis: Explanation. C) asteroids Type I or Type II migration could smoothly decrease the semimajor axis of the planet's orbit resulting in a warm- or hot-Jupiter. This diagram represents the solar nebula early in its history and shows the location of the frost line. The Oort Cloud lies closer to the Sun than the Kuiper Belt. a. NCl3\mathrm{NCl}_3NCl3 A) cometary debris. The presence of giants tends to increase eccentricities and inclinations (see Kozai mechanism) of planetesimals and embryos in the terrestrial planet region (inside 4AU in the Solar System). B) are highly inclined to the ecliptic. planets have low eccentricities. [80] The clouds of captured hydrogen and helium gas contracted, spun up, flattened, and deposited gas onto the surface of each giant protoplanet, while solid bodies within that disk accreted into the giant planet's regular moons. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. So, what this theory is saying is as follows: Originally, there was a rotating cloud of gas that condensed and flattened out like a pancake. B) mass per unit volume. And the whole idea of solar siblings has been busy the last few years. Compute the rotational speed of the output shaft. (ASs well as the direct collapse scenario.) [63] Mars and Mercury may be regarded as remaining embryos that survived that rivalry. The curved, yellow ________ tail lags behind the blue tail as the comet rounds the Sun. D) beyond Neptune, with orbits similar to Pluto's. The larger terrestrial planets have surface features that tend to be [61] Rocky planets, which have managed to coalesce, settle eventually into more or less stable orbits, explaining why planetary systems are generally packed to the limit; or, in other words, why they always appear to be at the brink of instability. What is the primary reason that astronomers suspect that some jovian moons were captured into their current orbits? Planets with orbital semimajor axes less than 0.1 AU are called ________. c) should be randomly oriented to their star's equator. d. both A and B are correct E) where the comet came from. d. Streaks of light made when small debris hits our atmosphere are called ________. A) usually annual events, as the orbits again intersect. These would not be able to clear out an Earth mass atmosphere or ocean, so if Earth suffered one such impact after having volatiles delivered by late accretion/early bombardment, the Moon could result. D) comet nuclei Alas, it seems that it questions that have to do with origins that are the toughest to answer. This theory best accounts for the objects we currently find in the Solar System and the distribution of these objects.The Nebular Theory would have started with a cloud of gas and dust . In composition, the ________ planets have rocky materials like the asteroids. As the cloud spun more rapidly, it threw off material that eventually condensed to form the planets. c. with the others, between Mars and Jupiter; their red colour gives them their name This method has been useful in star identification, but not in planetary discovery. Relate meteor showers to comets; explain why most are annual events. The migration of the super-Earths, or the embryos that collided to form them, is likely to have been Type I due to their smaller mass. Which explains why the reflex reaction is important in certain situations: a. there are no neurotransmitters in interneurons, b. sending a message up the spinal cord takes time, c. sensory neurons are very slow to form action potentials, d. the brain does not control motor neurons. D) everything past Mars and the asteroid belt B) Ceres. [2][20][61][65] In the Solar System they may be represented by Earth and Venus. Gravitational scattering by other planets onto eccentric orbits with a perihelion near the star followed by the circularization of its orbit due to tidal interactions with the star can leave a planet on a close orbit. A) are like the planets, fairly circular and in the ecliptic plane. c. caused by the Earth passing near the orbit of an old short-period comet According to the solar nebula theory, why is the Earth's orbit nearly in the plane of the sun's equator? D) are almost circular, with low eccentricities. As a rotating gas cloud contracts, it spins It is believed that the. B) more cratered. All four jovian planets are thought to have cores larger than Earth, All jovian planets have rings around their equators and at least eight moons, Pluto is more similar to the jovian planet's icy moons than to any of the planets, Due to their great masses, all four jovian worlds are much denser than the Earth, A Kuiper Belt object was discovered that may be larger than Pluto, Barringer Crater in Arizona is an example of a meteorite impact, Most astronomers now believe the demise of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago was caused by a E) a chunk of space debris orbiting the Earth. It was considered hard to grow grains above a cm, and when they grow they rapidly brake and fall onto the star. The Terrestrial (Rocky) Planets 1. A) the crust of a differentiated asteroid, now broken up. (z > w) << endl; b. sixty degrees ahead or behind Jupiter, sharing its orbit about the Sun by star infall or radiation pressure flow outwards, before they are finished. a. orbiting around the Kuiper Belt body Hector D) Both A and B are correct. D) the asteroid belt. Which planet by itself contains the majority of mass of all the planets? Name the four principal types of solar-system debris; pair them up in terms of composition, Asteroids: Large chunks of metals and rock primarily formed between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt, Metereoroids: A meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic body in outer space.

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