hyperbole in atticus closing argument

However, some may be more appropriate for one audience over another. ATTICUSS CLOSING ARGUMENTS In Atticuss closing speech of the trial, he employs rhetorical language and persuasive techniques in an attempt to convince the jury of Toms innocence. it's concentration, I need to stay sharp. All of them work together to persuade you to do something, whether that's to buy something, do something, or feel something. 2 How is this case black and white, figuratively speaking? 203-205) that really stood out to you as important or stand out in some way. imagery descriptive language that. Throughout Atticus's closing argument he uses the rhetorical devices Ethos, Logos, and Pathos to convince the jury that Tom is innocent. This speech is delivered as Atticus's closing argument in Tom Robinson's trial in the summer of 1935. 300. Well, you would, wouldn't you? Their speeches were given several decades apart, but talked about the same social issues that come from deep-rooted racism. Most effective methods of argument use all three rhetorical appeals to support their point. J-LAW: Providing insight on employment litigation issues and trends that affect how employers do business. Despite the overwhelming odds against him, Atticus remains determined to see justice served and to stand up for what is right. Everyone does it so you do too. 1996). By identifying rhetorical appeals, writers can begin to understand when it is more appropriate to use one method over another. No code mattered to her before she broke it, but it came crashing down on her afterwards. (272) This was one of Atticuss last lines from his statement and I think the deeper meaning is that people need to get over this code they have. First of all, Atticus demonstrates courage when he undertakes the task of defending Tom Robinson, a black man wrongly accused of rape. At first glance, one could consider this a euphemism for a much more offensive word but taking a closer look shows another meaning to Atticuss use of the word. He took into consideration who was watching as it wasnt just adults. It is the last chance for both parties of said debate or trial to state their argument, and hopefully affect the verdict or outcome in their favor. The tone is a powerful mix of strategic and power. By using words like respectable and humble and then including the fact that he has to go against two white people as a black man too makes people feel sorry and upset for him. Atticus: To being with, this case should never have come to trial. Of course Jem antagonized me sometimes until I could kill him, but when it came down to it he was all I had. 24 Hour Services - Have an emergency? ee ee IN THIS ISSUE: The 'new man' who saved Rome: Gaius Marius at war C IE WARFARE VOL V, ISSUE 1 A = f / Cs ee Se d T4 s Da fl) l | l s 7 \ ~ La 424 'Nis = | " BN v7 Ti Miss Gates. The thesis statement is usually the last sentence of the introductory paragraph. Created by. Atticus uses logos to explain that the case of Tom Robinson relied upon the testimony of two witnesses. And Tom Robinson now sits before you, having taken The Oath with the only good hand he possesses his right. Now of course, the represents the pause that he has taken during the speech. is changing the thinking of business leadership and is creating leaders wanting to drive marketing innovation. It is as though Atticus uses the word negro to help represent the severity of a white woman and a black man having a relationship during the time and place. A closing statement is a statement made at the end of a debate, or more often, a legal trial, delivered by a representative of each side of the case or debate. You just used three methods of persuasion: appealing to your own character, appealing to logic, and appealing to emotions. Unfortunately, there is no official list of rules, but here are a few established restrictions: A final note on objections: The timeliness of an objection during closing argument is critical, and waiting until the judge has charged the jury (perhaps even out of politeness) is generally viewed as too late. Pathos is used to persuade the jury when Atticus says, Some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around womenblack or white. Despite Atticus's best efforts, however, Tom is ultimately found guilty by an all-white jury. The effect of it is very obvious, corruption. In his closing speech to the jury Atticus expressed his perspective on Tom Robinsons case and the prejudice against all black people. For instance, we talk about "knowing your audience." Her vile behavior and mood swings were a side effect of withdrawal. did they ever find laci head fale com a gente. Boxlight, Samsung News, Atticuss goal here was to try and make the towns people see their wrongful beliefs towards Tom and to even get them to give an unbiased verdict towards the case. $1.50. 2d 147 (Fla Dist. In Atticus's closing argument, Atticus used logos in his evidence and facts that he provided during the trial to persuade the jury that Tom Robinson was innocent. Page # _____ Example: During his closing argument, Atticus does something that astonishes Scout and Jem. Atticus points out that such an assumption is not true since Tom is clearly not guilty. to get full document. No pain, no gain. Monday 3/2: (AVID DAY) College term: Give a fact/Get a fact Analyze Chapter 20 (Atticuss closing argument) Review chapters 21-23 Scottsboro trials. Solicitar ms informacin: 310-2409701 | administracion@consultoresayc.co. In the 1930s, when a black man's word was opposing a white mans word, they always lost because people assumed that whites are always telling the truth and blacks always lie. Who is Atticus' closing statement aimed at Instructions: Choose an answer and hit Later, Atticus says later that he wishes Mr. Ewell wouldnt chew tobacco, while Miss Stephanie takes it upon herself to dramatically tell the story of Mr. Ewell spitting in Atticuss face. In Chapter 11 of To Kill a Mockingbird, we see the character of Atticus Finch begin to take on a more central role in the story. Jem is certain his father will win because Atticus did such a good job defending Tom, but he is not worldly enough to know that no defense would be good enough in this case. Those who can, do; those who can't do, teach. These argumentative techniques include ethos, pathos, logos, anaphora, and rhetorical question. This is a good place that Lee used a hyperbole and it shows how badly Jem was hurt, mentally and emotionally, when he heard that the Tom was convicted guilty. Whom Hyperbole An exaggerated statement used to emphasize an idea or make a point. He doesn't have to get up close and personal with it. And, like your grandmother, your family may be more likely to be swayed by emotions, usingpathos. If he had stated that new theory in any other way than with confidence it would have been a sure misfire. The children notice that Atticus is speaking calmly and quietly to the jury. Atticus Finch calls on the jury to set aside racial stereotypes in considering the case against Tom Robinson. Atticus Finch's Closing Argument in the movie To Kill a Mockingbird . . This chapter introduces us to Atticus's role as a lawyer, as he is tasked with defending a black man named Tom Robinson who has been falsely accused of raping a white woman. Atticus Finchs Closing Argument (Harper Lee, 1960). Construct a poem with either extended metaphor or hyperbole. What does he do? Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Atticus Finch calls on the jury to set aside racial stereotypes in considering the The Trial Closing Argument of Atticus Finch from To Killa Mockingbirdby Harper Lee Background: This excerpt from the novel TO Kill a Mockingbird, set in the U.S. South in the 1930s in a small town, takes place near the end of the novel during the Jem missed the part of the trial where Tom confessed. The evidence boils down to you-did-I-didn 't. Positive emotions -- inspirational, joy, or humor -- are equally as valid when using pathos. Then he turns away from the jury and says something inaudible to Scout. The courts, however, are the only place in which the lofty ideal of equality can be maintained, Atticus says. Mr. Raymond invites Dill to have a drink to settle his stomach. Over exaggeration. (Coca Cola) Irony: The irony of Tom Robinson's left hand; he couldn't have struck Mayella, as his left hand was crippled. Body paragraphsthe paragraphs. In February, before the summer trial, Atticus reveals that he used to be the best shot in the county when he shoots a rabid dog, an experience that, in Scout's mind, cements Atticus's role as the person who does unsavory but necessary things for the community. Academic essays are often organized using the following pattern: Introductionthe first paragraph of the essay. I had long had my eye on that baton: it was at V. In chapter 11, Scout and Jem are put to the test with one of these neighbors, Mrs. Atticus reminds the jury that Bob is left handed and Tom is right handed (left hand useless). Test. Thus far in the narrative, courage has largely consisted of being willing to touch or just approach the Radley house, but in this chapter courage starts to take on a more serious character, with Mrs. You know, she was a great lady. This was shown when Atticus demonstrated how he felt about the racial injustice in town, stating how the towns people felt an evil and immoral sense of heart towards black men. To Kill A Mockingbird has a foundation of good and evil throughout the story and focuses on the lessons Jem and Scout have learned. An overview of each of the three rhetorical appeals, as well as how the "rhetorical triangle" works, A shorter overview that includes the concept of "kairos", A look into how these appeals work at a deeper level in persuasive writing, A video look at the rhetorical triangle and appeals. Course. Chapter 21. If your audience is a college professor grading your paper, then logos may be the best course of action. 9 points Key Terms for Lesson logos: by appealing to an audience's sense of reason and logic, the speaker or writer intends to make the audience think clearly about the sensible and/or obvious answer to a problem pathos: by appealing to the audiences emotions, the speaker or writer can make the audience feel sorrow, shame, sympathy . We all use persuasion in our daily lives, whether it be to convince our friends or for Atticus he has to persuade a jury and a room full racist people. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Why? is changing the thinking of Atticus uses ethos to prove Toms innocence by acknowledging the credibility of the courts: "Our courts have their faults, as does any human institution, but in this country our courts are the great levelers, and in our courts all men are created equal" (205). Doubles Drills For 2 Players, In the name of God, do your duty (Lee, 4). Then Atticus does something completely out of character: with the judge's permission, he unbuttons his vest and collar and removes his coat. Atticus courage is shown in multiple ways through his court actions and his stand against racial discrimination. This word is only brought up when Atticus presents the idea of Mayella, the white woman accusing Tom of rape, feeling a sort of guilt and shame from her relationship with Tom. r/books: This is a moderated subreddit. What Does It Mean When Your Crystal Bracelet Breaks, Quiz & Worksheet: The Importance of Atticus Finch's Closing Argument. Atticus Finch, one of the main characters in Harper Lees novel To Kill a Mockingbird, gave a closing argument in a court trial that caused an uproar in the south during the 1930s. Jem and Scout dont think its entertainingtheyre terrified. He tells the jury that they're smart enough to see that for. This made the wet move faster. Atticus uses logos in his closing argument by using the facts and evidence that he has collected. 2) Complete the attached chart for Chapter 19. Logos is an appeal to logic. Asked by victoria p #218393 on 12/6/2011 8:19 PM Last updated by Aslan on 12/6/2011 8:31 PM Answers 1 Add Yours. / Writing is dead? 400. acrimonious. The Lawyer Atticus Finch uses rhetorical appeals such as ethos, logos, and pathos to tap into the jury's sense of ethics, logic, and emotion to convey that Tom Robinson, a black man, is innocent in the courtroom. By repeating this idea throughout her speech, Goldman emphasizes why she behaved the population. Capone had no idea that the two were brother and sister." Atticus Finch concludes his defense of Tom Robinson by asking the jury to set aside racial prejudice and consider what likely occurred between Tom and Mayella Ewell. She doesn't seem interested in the stories, but he reads to her a bit more each day. Colloquialism is unclear and the same or lose interest a mockingbird. " (translated from Latin, attributed to Julius Caesar in a. . The evidence is in, the jury instructions are done, final trial motions have been made (and appeal points dutifully preserved), and it is time for the final argument, the holy grail of the trial lawyer. Where did you get that watch? Overall, Chapter 11 of To Kill a Mockingbird is a powerful and poignant reminder of the importance of standing up for what is right, even in the face of overwhelming adversity. John Cabot University Rome Acceptance Rate, The Defenses argument basically disproves the circumstantial evidence and fallacies of Tom Robinsons accusers. Time has come, air's cold, hot's gone, Roger sharpened a stick at both ends(Golding 175). Whether such as possible to kill a serious events happen the sentiments are examples in anaphora to kill a mockingbird, or metaphor is. The closing argument of Atticus Finch in the Tom Robinson trial speaks to the consciences of each man as an American citizen because Atticus invokes the principles of 6. In the sense that he wasnt afraid to say whatever he needed to say to win the case. He also uses ethos to convince people of his argument. He points out that the court is only as good as the individual members of the jury. Test. 7. examples of antithesis in atticus closing argument Discuss how the United Statess involvement in trade agreements and globalization has affected the average American. Create an account to start this course today. Atticus' Closing Argument Today, students responded to a quick Dolphus Raymond-oriented Bellringer Question. Atticus says that this statement is a fallacy for the most part. atticus is the sender. As a travels around in bullet proof cars." Wrong. In excerpt 8 it shows that Atticus is fair, during that trail Atticus states all men are created equal. Why does atticus say it is a sin to kill a mockingbird? One of the characters in the book, Atticus Finch, is a lawyer representing Tom Robinson, a southern black man who has been accused of rape by a white woman. S = Sender-Receiver relationship. One of the most poignant moments in this chapter comes when Atticus makes his closing argument in the trial. The community needs to realize that even white people do discouraging things. You must cite our web site as your source. He supports this statement when he proves that Mr. Robinson cant use his right hand. The jury and the audience are the receivers. This is Atticus's last chance to plead with the jurors to consider the evidence instead of skin color. hyperbole in the highwayman. In chapter 9, he started to defends Tom Robinson. Compassionate,dramatic,and deeply moving ,To Kill A Mockingbird takes readers to the roofs or human behavior.The unforgettable novel of a child in a sleepy,Southern town and the crisis of conscience that rocked it,To Kill A Mockingbird,by Harper Lee.In the book To Kill A Mockingbird readers learn how to take a stand,and most importantly the golden rule.Readers also learn many valuable things.In the book Atticus Finch takes a stand For Tom Robinson.Tom was charged for something he never did and was pleaded guilty.Atticus was being courageous and he possesses integrity for standing up for Tom. In Atticus's closing remarks, he comments on Mayella's actions and mentions that she had broken a time-honored code of their society by tempting a black man. Once again though, they see Mrs. Miss Gates. Dubose asks for more. Atticus, thus, comes up with logos as his last option to convince his audience that Tom is indeed innocent of the charges. It's incredible how people can are off the chain now, fucking Red Man! He also uses the simplicity in differentiating between black and white to show the simplicity of figuring out who is lying in this case, and who is not. / I got no clue. Pathos. Dubose is just one of the racists in Maycomb. Atticus informs the jury about the evil assumptions that society makes about Negroes. Allusion. This work by Lone Star College-University Park Library is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. It was then my burning ambition to grow up and twirl with the Maycomb County High School band. Friday 1/31: (AVID DAY) Relational capacity day. Atticus reminds the jury that Bob is left handed and Tom is right handed (left hand useless). When its Mr. Ewells turn to speak, he does so with many racial slurs and slang embedded in his accusations. It is the opposite of understatement. Though he is obviously innocent, the outcome of his trial is such a foregone conclusion that no lawyer will step forward to defend him - except Atticus. Be prepared to explain why you selected those Jem tells her that he thinks Atticus said, 'In the name of God, believe him.' Write on with Miss G. 39. "Our courts have our faults, as does any human institution, but in this country our courts are the great levelers, and in our courts all men are created equal.". Rhetorical Analysis of Atticus's Closing Argument. Dill delightedly says that its just Coca-Cola in the bottle and Mr. Raymond swears the children to secrecy. Extend his closing arguments against tom was. Prejudice . All rights reserved. Free Samples and Examples of Essays, Homeworks and any Papers, Filed Under: Essays Tagged With: race, Statement. The jury couldn 't possibly be expected to take Tom Robinson 's word against the Ewells, '" Atticus solemnly explains this to his brother. Logos. The word hyperbole, from a Greek word meaning "excess," is a figure of speech that uses extreme exaggeration to make a point or show emphasis. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men (Lee 273). He wants the people of, Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird is set sometime in the 1930s in Maycomb County Alabama. Closing argument is not for the purpose of recruiting new troops, but for arming those already on your side. Essay Sample Check Writing Quality. Pathos- Method of using emotions to persuade the audience. Introduction During closing argument, the attorney has the opportunity to address each issue that the jury must decide and persuade the jury that he has the winning side of that issue Closing argument allows the attorney to reach depth in discussion of the issues, which is necessary to reaching the truth. Be sure to indicate which (logos, pathos, ethos) Atticus is using for his appeal. 5 chapters | "The only thing we 've got is a black man 's word against the Ewells '. Through the weeks he had cultivated an expression of polite and detached interest, which he would present to her in answer to her most blood- curdling inventions. For example, in DAuria v. Allstate Ins. Artistotle identified three methods: We often think of "pathos" to mean "pathetic," but pathos does not have to mean just negative emotions like sadness or pity! Hyperbole: exaggeration for emphasis or rhetorical effect. In formal rhetoric, this is called ethos, logos, and pathos. In Atticuss closing argument from To Kill A Mockingbird he uses pathos to persuade the jury and audience. . Rhetoric in Atticus's closing argument. This statement is used to remind the jurors of their important duties. As Atticus Finch's children and their friend Dill watch the trial from the courtroom balcony, Dill becomes physically ill at the prosecutor's words. Learn. Scout joins Jem, and they walk to Mrs. After his 12th birthday, Jem invites Scout to go with him to spend his birthday money. The kids come in a few close counters along the way during these games in which Atticus does not approve. If you break these rules, your opponent will have the right - if not obligation - to object and disrupt your closing argument, as well as establish to the jury (during your time in the spotlight, no less) that he or she knows the law and the facts better than you. flashcard sets. unmitigated temerity- absolute audacity/nerve. Students will complete a graphic organizer to track and analyze Atticus' use of ethos, pathos, and logos. Therefore, some people pissed to Atticus. I just spent a week on a production in Miami reading it. Bandwagon. June 2, 2022 by by Personification: "Take a good sip, it'll quieten you." . Then, there was a Ch. He explains to the jury some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around womenblack or white. In his closing argument, Atticus uses the rhetorical device pathos to create feelings within the audience and jurors. This 2-page handout will guide your students through a rhetorical analysis of Atticus' closing speech in Chapter 20 of Harper Lee's To Kill A Mockingbird. Jem tells her that he thinks Atticus said, 'In the name of God, believe him.'. Finally, students began taking some notes about Argument Literary Devices: Click to Enlarge: Answered by Aslan on 12/6/2011 8:31 PM 1. Appeal based on the character of the speaker. Throughout history, racism has played a major role in social relations. 12-19 Review Kahoot (see me if you want me to reset it for you!) I feel like its a lifeline. To accomplish this he uses certain diction, syntax, and tone to deliver a powerful statement at the climax of this trial. The state has not produced one iota of medical evidence to the effect that the crime Tom Robinson is charged with ever took place. Some famous speakers that used effective rhetorical devices were Atticus Finch in his closing argument, John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address, and Malala Yousafzai's Speech at the United Nations. The current proceedings incorporate the research results presented at the 6th International Virtual Symposium held at Alecu Russo Balti State University. You approach three people: your dad, your mom, and your grandma. Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. . No one type is better than the other; usually the most effective arguments - the ones most likely to persuade someone of something - use all three. To pluck a Mockingbird Atticus Finch's Closing Arguments 1 Annotating Closing ArgumentAssignment Annotations - Find Two examples of each destination the following return and chunk them. During the trial Atticus makes many strong arguments and it is plainly, The person speaking is Atticus because he is giving his final statement in his trial with Tom Robinson,She was white, and she tempted a Negro. Atticus Finch used a variety of argumentative techniques in his closing argument in the trial of Tom Robinson. grout color for calacatta gold marble. Flashcards. Tom's only crime is feeling sorry for a white woman, and Mayella Ewell's crime is kissing a black man and then lying about it. The man who gave the case Tom Robinson case to Atticus. Hyperbole. She was not on the porch. Dubose's abuses of him. The mysterious words of Samneric could be heard. Atticus' Persuasion Methods The Case Atticus was defending Tom Robinson when he had to give his closing speech which included many forms of persuasion. Theres little doubt that To Kill a Mockingbird is concerned with racism and its corrosive effects on our society.Lee explores this theme with an initial subtlety; Tom Robinson and the crimes he is accused of are not explicitly mentioned until Chapter 9 in the book, and Scouts understanding that her father, Atticus, is under pressure to drop the case and that 400. Lesson. Find an example of hyperbole on page 33. Atticus stated many important points during his speech which promoted favorable emotions. 3] m This case is disrespectful or argumentative talk given in response to a command or request. Her bottom plate was not in, and her upper lip protruded; from time to time she would draw her nether lip to her upper plate and carry her chin with it. All of the personal beliefs of the characters were affected by their, The oppressive feeling of racism has touched all in maycomb. 300. Throughout his closing statement, Atticus uses certain sentence structures and word choices to help emphasize key ideas and points as well as making his speech overall more effective. How did the U.S. government mobilize the economy for war? Atticus 's strong sense of morality and justice motivates him to defend Tom with vigor and determination, giving it all he 's got with one mission in mind. " "Give me . Dubose's health deteriorates to the point where her mouth seems to move of its own volition, allowing great ropes of saliva to pour out of her mouth. 'In the name of God, do your duty,' Atticus pleads. Describe the use of rhetorical appeals in 'To kill a mockingbird'. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The Trial Closing Argument of Atticus Finch from To Killa Mockingbirdby Harper Lee Background: This excerpt from the novel TO Kill a Mockingbird, set in the U.S. South in the 1930s in a small town, takes place near the end of the novel during the trial of Tom Robinson, a black man. There are three types of rhetorical appeals, or persuasive strategies, used in arguments to support claims and respond to opposing arguments. But why is that important? Atticus used ethos, logos, and pathos to without speaking bring himself down to their level to talk to them man to man, tell why Tom Robinson should not even be on trial, and then tell the jury and the state that they should be ashamed that they are Rhetorical Analysis of Atticus Finchs Closing Statement (Movie Version) To Kill a Mockingbird is known to many as one of the best pieces of American literature. Two Rhetorical devices Atticus uses is Allusion and Anaphora.. A common piece of diction that he does is dramatic pauses, \ to help bring attention to certain facts and ideas in his statement. Ct. App. He says that Mrs. Dubose's house to talk with her. Quiz. To Kill A Mockingbird uses the literary devices of ethos, logos and pathos in a unique way. chicago blues festival 2022; 552 macleod dr, gibsonia, pa 15044 owner; family first funeral home obituaries; is carol lynn benson kendall still alive; shocked face meme caption; motocross tracks for sale in north carolina; funeral speech for uncle from niece; You can find hyperbole examples in literature and everyday speech Hyperbole Definition There is exaggeration, and then there is exaggeration. You just usedlogosto make a decision. Scout Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Traits & Quotes, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, To Kill a Mockingbird Overview & Analysis, Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Traits & Quotes, Atticus Finch's Closing Argument in To Kill a Mockingbird, Jem Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Traits & Quotes, Boo Radley in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Analysis & Quotes, Tom Robinson in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Analysis & Quotes, Tom Robinson's Trial & Death in To Kill a Mockingbird, Dill Harris in To Kill a Mockingbird: Description & Quotes, Bob & Mayella Ewell in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Analysis & Quotes, Miss Maudie Atkinson in To Kill a Mockingbird: Description & Quotes, Aunt Alexandra in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character Analysis & Quotes, Calpurnia in To Kill a Mockingbird: Character, Traits & Quotes, To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter Summaries: Part 1, To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter Summaries: Part 2, Teaching To Kill a Mockingbird: Guide & Resources, Study.com SAT Test Prep: Practice & Study Guide, ILTS English Language Arts (207): Test Practice and Study Guide, Common Core ELA - Literature Grades 9-10: Standards, Common Core ELA - Writing Grades 9-10: Standards, Study.com PSAT Test Prep: Practice & Study Guide, Comprehensive English: Overview & Practice, Praxis English Language Arts: Content Knowledge (5038) Prep, SAT Subject Test Literature: Practice and Study Guide, College English Literature: Help and Review, 12th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, Writing Review for Teachers: Study Guide & Help, Reading Review for Teachers: Study Guide & Help, Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators: Reading (5713) Prep, How to Gather Knowledge About New Vocabulary Words, Strategies for Reading Comprehension Passages on the LSAT, Strategies for Analytical Reasoning Questions on the LSAT, How to Reason Deductively From a Set of Statements, Logically Equivalent Formulations in Conditional Statements, Formal Logic Problem Solution: Steps & Tips, Recognizing Misunderstandings & Points of Disagreement, Identifying an Author's Underlying Assumptions, Reading Consumer Materials: Comprehension Strategies, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. First, he asserts that the State has not produced one iota of medical evidence that the crime Tom Robinson is charged with ever took place.

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