1102 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<04CEEC705CD7A64B82482CEFE19B2D4C>]/Index[1081 133]/Info 1080 0 R/Length 116/Prev 151055/Root 1082 0 R/Size 1214/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 0 The cases and other assigned readings are important in several ways. Previously, the moving party had the burden of establishing, conclusively, that there was no genuine issue of material fact as to the claim or case, in its entirety, including disproving the other partys theory of the case. Erie III. Second, they show how courts give meaning to important and/or ambiguous words and phrases in the statutes or rules. With thanks to Prof. Elizabeth Pendo, whose materials I used in putting the first version of this document together in 2006. P. 73 Such efforts may later be pasted into your course outline. Any approved proposals are then reviewed, in turn, by the Standing Committee of the Judicial Conference of the United States, the Judicial Conference, and the United States Supreme Court. Local Rule 3.05 Fed. Veterans Financial Literacy Program goes Statewide! Unlicensed Practice - Florida Rules of Court Procedure The Florida The first time you read a statute or rule you should read it slowly and carefully. Courts can now order a party who submits an affidavit in bad faith or solely for delay to pay the other partys reasonable expenses, including attorneys fees, incurred as a result. Civil Procedure Review I. Unlike before, a scintilla of evidence or evidence raising the slightest doubt is no longer sufficient to create a disputed material fact. Webmust be specifically pled (Rule 1.140(h), Fla. R. Civ. R. App. 80-68; s. 1, ch. Fla. R. Civ. Business Law Section of the Florida Bar | Hosting & Maintenance by, Electronic Discovery & Digital Evidence Committee, State & Federal Court Judicial Liaison Committee, CTL Committee work on proposed legislation, Corporations, Securities & Financial Services Committee, Guidance for Business Owners Impacted by COVID19, Antitrust & Trade Regulation Subcommittee, Chapter 617 Task Force (Corporations Not For Profit Statute), Proposed Amendments to Florida Rules of Civil Procedure Task Force, Restrictive Covenant (542.335) Task Force, Uniform Commercial Real Estate Receivership Act Task Force, Uniform Voidable Transactions Act Task Force, Veterans Financial Literacy Program Goes State Wide, April is now known as FINANCIAL LITERACY MONTH In Florida. Banking & Financial Services Industry Legal Blog. If you scroll before printing, then the sites menu may show up in your printout. endstream endobj 120 0 obj <. Under the new rule, if the nonmoving party must prove X to prevail [at trial], the moving party at summary judgment can either produce evidence that X is not so or point out that the nonmoving party lacks the evidence to prove X.1. Title 28 of the United States Code is the section on Judiciary and Judicial procedure, and contains many sections important in our readings. R. Civ. Committee Rules ( 1.010 1.900) Forms ( 1.914) Appendix I - STANDARD INTERROGATORIES FORMS. Writs of coram nobis, coram vobis, audita querela, and bills of review and bills in the nature of a bill of review are abolished, and the procedure for obtaining any relief from a judgment or decree shall be by motion as prescribed in these rules or by an independent action. This website uses Google Translate, a free service. Civil Case Flowchart | Middle District of Florida | United If the claimant is unrepresented, the settlement agreement must include a provision that the claimant has freely and voluntarily agreed to enter into the settlement without benefit of counsel. Now, an MSJ must be served at least 40 days before the hearing and a response is due 20 days before the hearing. Local Rule 3.06 1. hb```W;@(p4,:G@ZE@*\r;;884/X]|w.HvGmLl@:H10/ \@d|xX w Search Within. 0 Ms. Macelloni represents businesses and business owners in state and federal courts throughout the country and in various practice areas including corporate disputes, asset recovery, secured transactions, factoring and other UCC-related disputes. 1213 0 obj <>stream The motion shall be filed within a reasonable time, and for reasons (1), (2), and (3) not more than 1 year after the judgment, decree, order, or proceeding was entered or taken. %%EOF Each agency shall maintain records demonstrating each law enforcement officers compliance with this requirement. Read the cases and annotate the flowchart or diagram. hbbd``b`$W- $~ D%&t(GNLl@#V?co F Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. v. Shelton - Carlton Fields Lets discuss each of these steps in detail. Previously, a party had to serve its motion for summary judgment (MSJ) 20 days before a hearing and respond 5 days before the hearing, if service was by mail, or by 5:00 p.m., 2 business days before the hearing, if service was by email. The new standard for granting summary judgment mirrors the directed verdict standard. Rule Add comments and case names, etc., after you read the assigned cases, and after class discussion. Rule 1.070 - PROCESS. If Congress does nothing, the changes take effect seven months later. b. However, a party can renew its MSJ under the new rule. The seizing agency shall promptly proceed against the contraband article by filing a complaint in the circuit court within the jurisdiction where the seizure or the offense occurred, paying a filing fee of at least $1,000 and depositing a bond of $1,500 to the clerk of the court. The rules govern civil actions and apply to all special statutory 3d 555 (Fla. 2010). When the claimant prevails, at the close of forfeiture proceedings and any appeal, the court shall award reasonable trial attorneys fees and costs to the claimant if the court finds that the seizing agency has not proceeded at any stage of the proceedings in good faith or that the seizing agencys action which precipitated the forfeiture proceedings was a gross abuse of the agencys discretion. Local Rule 5.03 The original panel assigned to the case agreed with the Defendant and Skip to Navigation | Skip to Main Content | Skip to Site Map. Its also about learning how to learn the law. Read the cases and annotate the flowchart or diagram. Site by Rise. Appendix II - 1441, the general removal statute. Fed. Do it before you read the assigned R. Civ. If it should appear at any time that an action is pending in the wrong court of any county, it may be transferred to P. 3 (4) to give trial courts greater authority to sanction plaintiffs who make false allegations. Rule 693 0 obj <>stream What Are Statutory Damages Under the FCCPA and the FDCPA? Relief from Judgment, Decrees, or Orders Currentness (a) P. 4 R. Civ. P. 3853 Webpursuant to Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.540(b)(4), which authorizes a court to relieve a party from a void judgment or decree. The Defendant appealed arguing that Rule 1.540(b)(4) applies only to a void judgment or decree and not to a void final order. WebCivil Case Flowchart Hover your cursor over the rectangles on the flowchart to learn more about the steps involved in a civil case. Fed. 87-77; s. 4, ch. 1914 The settlement of any forfeiture action must be consistent with the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act and the policy of the seizing agency. Now, the burden on summary judgment lies with the party that has the burden at trial. 2016-179. Note any questions that you have, and especially any ambiguous language. P. 55 RULE 7.020. APPLICABILITY OF RULES OF CIVIL %%EOF - All Rights Reserved, Community Advocacy & Social Responsibility, Hiring for Florida Banks and Credit Unions: A Summary of Background Checks and Other Information Required to Comply With Various Regulatory Schemes, Overview of a Trust Beneficiarys Remedies Under the Florida Trust Code for Breach of Trust. The rule provides that if a party fails to respond to a request for admissions within thirty days of service of the request, the matter is deemed admitted. When reading a statute or rule, identify the structure and key language. WebThe Florida Rules of Civil Procedure shall govern forfeiture proceedings under the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act unless otherwise specified under the Florida Contraband R. Civ. In response to the directive of the Florida Supreme Court Administrative Order 20-23, (Amendment 12), the Ninth Judicial Circuit established the Courts active, differentiated Case Management program effective April 30, 2021. Any party Therefore, cases cannot substitute for careful reading and consideration of the statutes or rules language. %PDF-1.5 % (b) Discovery. Fed. P. 10 SC20-1490, 2021 Fla. LEXIS 682, at *10 (Apr. The employment, salary, promotion, or other compensation of any law enforcement officer may not be dependent on the ability of the officer to meet a quota for seizures. What Are Actual Damages Under the FCCPA and the FDCPA? The complaint P., 44 So. WebUnited States District Court Middle District of Florida Civil Case Flowchart Definitions COMPLAINT: The complaint is the written document that begins a lawsuit. R. Civ. Do it before you read the assigned cases. The new rule requires judges to make explicit findings for both an award and a denial of an MSJ. 685 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<45A814CF07DF17489869128E9C53E63C>]/Index[677 17]/Length 59/Prev 115724/Root 678 0 R/Size 694/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Federal Rules. Rule 1.010 - SCOPE AND TITLE OF RULES. GENERAL MAGISTRATES FOR RESIDENTIAL Civ Pro Flowcharts - Civil Procedure Flow Charts - Studocu P. 8 Ms. Macelloni can be reached at jmacelloni@b2b.legal or (305) 444-3114. Florida Rules of Court Procedure The Florida Bar Although Rule 1.115(e) states that the claim must be verified by the claimant seeking to foreclose the mortgage, a plaintiff can delegate its authority to verify their foreclosure complaint to an agent. Read the entire statute or rule slowly and carefully. R. Civ. IN RE: AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, FLORIDA RULES OF GENERAL PRACTICE AND JUDICIAL ADMINISTRATION, FLORIDA RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, FLORIDA PROBATE RULES, FLORIDA RULES vs. OF TRAFFIC COURT, FLORIDA SMALL CLAIMS RULES, AND FLORIDA Local Rule 3.01 Some rules may be more current, see credits for details. Residential Mortgage Foreclosure Action Requires Verified Schedule. Note: for this to print properly, do not scroll down prior to printing. Read the entire statute or rule slowly and carefully. Copyright 2000- 2023 State of Florida. WebFlorida Rules of Civil Procedure 1.090(a), (b), and (c); 1.190(e); 1.210(b); 1.260; 1.410; and 1.560 are applicable in all actions covered by these rules. Florida Rules of Civil Procedure endstream endobj 678 0 obj <. Joinder IV. No express deadline has been set for filing a reply. Jimerson Birr welcomes inquiries from the media and do our best to respond to deadlines. Some students like to keep a separate list of questions with written answers, or to pencil in a ? in the margin of the statutes book that can be erased after resolving questions. Subsequently and in an effort to expediate the residential foreclosure process in Florida, the Legislature enacted Section 702.015, Florida Statutes, which sets forth additional pleading requirements for foreclosure complaints. Res - Studocu On Studocu you find all the lecture notes, summaries and study guides you need to pass your exams with better grades. P. 5 For those litigating in federal courts, the rule is nothing new; in fact, Rule 1.510 of the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure adopts most of its federal counterpart verbatim. The court may order the seizing agency to pay the awarded attorneys fees and costs from the appropriate contraband forfeiture trust fund. Words: may/must, key terms/language, and squishifiers. Ann. P. 56 Florida Statutes Definitions Index (2022), Table Tracing Session Laws to Florida Statutes (2022), Index to Special and Local Laws (1971-2022), Index to Special and Local Laws (1845-1970). These rules apply to all actions of a civil nature and all special statutory proceedings in the 1081 0 obj <> endobj In response to the new legislation, the Florida Supreme Court created a new rule for governing foreclosure complaints, Rule 1.115, which includes a new verification requirement. Upon proof beyond a reasonable doubt that the contraband article was being used in violation of the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act, the court shall order the seized property forfeited to the seizing law enforcement agency. The determination as to whether an agency will file a civil forfeiture action is the sole responsibility of the head of the agency or his or her designee. Federal regulations arent enacted by Congress, but are instead issued by an administrative agency, such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). P. 26, Fed. To help ensure that property is not wrongfully held after seizure, each law enforcement agency must adopt written policies and procedures ensuring that all asserted claims of interest in seized property are promptly reviewed for potential validity. R. Civ. Theyre not regulations because theyre not issued by a federal administrative agency. Federal regulations. Florida P. 72 Fed. Fed. 0 P.; and Rule 8(c), Fed. Federal statutes. P. 58 The new Rule 1.510 still provides for a hearing and ties the timing to the hearing on the motion, unlike Federal Rule 56, which does not automatically provide for a hearing on summary judgment. The new Rule 1.510 took effect on May 1, 2021 and applies to MSJs adjudicated on or after May 1, 2021. Fed. As always, be a critical reader and thinker. If the claimant prevails on appeal, the seizing agency shall immediately release the seized property to the person entitled to possession of the property as determined by the court, pay any cost as assessed by the court, and may not assess any towing charges, storage fees, administrative costs, or maintenance costs against the claimant with respect to the seized property or the forfeiture proceeding. As computerized translations, some words may be translated incorrectly. Fed. When verification of a document is required, the document filed shall include an oath, affirmation, or the following statement: Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have read the foregoing, and the facts alleged therein are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.. Previously, courts could not weigh the presented evidence, no matter how trivial or incredible. % g<3uZgs1qp044p KH2 QRGY@ "xN 0F3y+(R DP4 Therefore, cases cannot substitute for careful reading and consideration of the statutes or rules language. P. 11 width:40px !important; Hover your cursor over the rectangles on the flowchart to learn more about the steps involved in a civil case. Sometimes the cases illustrate the application of a statute or rule, or provide meaning to indeterminate terms, or discuss splits in legal authority. { Chapter 932 Section 704 - 2020 Florida Statutes - The Florida endstream endobj startxref 133 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<758726BDE5476F48AAAFE400A68C5EAB><2AAF1B096287E341A09DBE857E74BA28>]/Index[119 22]/Info 118 0 R/Length 75/Prev 51727/Root 120 0 R/Size 141/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream 85-304; s. 2, ch. Civ Pro Rules Flow Chart P. 12 County Court: Other Civil Non Monetary, Any Replevin, Any Foreclosure, Personal Injury Protection (and other first party insurance claims), and Small Claims (if the rules of civil procedure have been invoked). In 2010, the Florida Supreme Court amended Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.110(b) to include a verification provision in foreclosure complaints. 2021-04-02, outlines the process for determining whether a case requires a Case Management Plan and Order and, if so, the timeline and form of order required. Once codified, federal regulations are placed in the Code of Federal Regulations, or C.F.R. An example is 47 C.F.R. Civil Case Management | Ninth Judicial Circuit Court of Florida Myself, I fall into the latter category: as a student, I would cut & paste the statute or rule into a new document and shift its text around to illustrate its logical structure in ways that made sense to me. 5D19-1326, 2020 WL 1645418 (Fla. 5th DCA 2020) (As a procedural rule, rule 1.115(e) cannot constrain a claimant plaintiff from delegating to its agent the authority to verify its foreclosure complaint.). R. Civ. 718, Condominium Association Lawsuit, Any Constitutional Challenge, Distress, Replevin, Any Foreclosure, and Any Other Real Property Actions. Charles B. Jimerson Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB v. Tacoronte, No. Third, they may reveal splits in legal authority, where different courts (such as the federal Courts of Appeals) may view the law differently. Use consistent marks to identify such components of statutes or rules. P. 16 endstream endobj startxref Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions RULE 1.490. In Orange county, this includes all cases assigned to the Business Court division. A rehearing of an MSJs decided under the old rule should be decided under the old rule as well. Local Rule 4.07 No claim to original U.S. Government Works. WebFlorida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.370 governs requests for admissions. hbbd``b`$;AG "$8~@Bf9dd100&` Zv Proceedings for a civil action commenced in federal district court (or removed to federal court from state court) are governed by the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP). The individual district courts also have local rules, and sometimes judge-specific rules, which counsel must consult and follow carefully. Managing Partner The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) arent statutes because theyre not enacted by Congress. Previously, a party could submit an affidavit as to why it could not adequately respond to summary judgment, including the need to conduct additional discovery. 89-148; s. 2, ch. On April 29, 2021, the Florida Supreme Court adopted a new summary judgment standard. Among other things, the training must address the legal aspects of forfeiture, including, but not limited to, search and seizure and other constitutional considerations. To purchase a print copy of the Florida Rules of Procedure, go to the LexisNexis bookstore. Chapter 2 Rules of General Practice and Judicial Administration; updated October 4, 2022 Chapter 4 Rules of Civil Procedure for Involuntary Commitment of Sexually Violent Predators Fed. Florida Supreme Court Administrative Order 20-23, (Amendment 12), AOSC 21-17 Emergency Measures for Florida Trial Courts, For cases filed on or after April 30, 2021 the parties are required to file the. This rule does not limit the power of a court to entertain an independent action to relieve a party from a judgment, decree, order, or proceeding or to set aside a judgment, decree, or order for fraud upon the court. endstream endobj 1082 0 obj <>/Metadata 16 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[1103 0 R]>>/Outlines 121 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 1079 0 R/StructTreeRoot 126 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 1083 0 obj <>/Font<>/Properties<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 1084 0 obj <>stream The trial court shall require the seizing agency to pay to the claimant the reasonable loss of value of the seized property when the claimant prevails at trial or on appeal and the seizing agency retained the seized property during the trial or appellate process. P. 15 If you learn best that way, try diagramming the statute or rule in the form of a flowchart or decision tree. }, by Jocelyne A. Macelloni, Barakat + Bossa. The rule still remains that evidence submitted in support of or in opposition to a MSJ must be admissible in evidence. If the property is required by law to be titled or registered, or if the owner of the property is known in fact to the seizing agency, or if the seized property is subject to a perfected security interest in accordance with the Uniform Commercial Code, chapter 679, the attorney for the seizing agency shall serve the forfeiture complaint as an original service of process under the Florida Rules of Civil Procedure and other applicable law to each person having an ownership or security interest in the property. 9, Timothy J. Corrigan, Chief United States District Judge Elizabeth Warren, Clerk of Court. Based on 2019 Proposed Amendments to the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure (A.M. No. Form 1.944(a) Mortgage Foreclosure includes the verification sentence, Under penalties of perjury, I declare that I have read the foregoing, and the facts alleged therein are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. Therefore, a plaintiff must appropriately investigate and confirm that the allegations in their foreclosure complaint are accurate or they may face criminal liability. WebFlorida Rules of Civil Procedure. WebCiv Pro Rules Flow Chart - ! PROVISIONS SUPPLEMENTAL TO CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW. It is also the policy of this state that law enforcement agencies ensure that, in all seizures made under the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act, their officers adhere to federal and state constitutional limitations regarding an individuals right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures, including, but not limited to, the illegal use of stops based on a pretext, coercive-consent searches, or a search based solely upon an individuals race or ethnicity. ATTORNEYS FEES FOR BAD FAITH AFFIDAVITS. Cases. 677 0 obj <> endobj Revised Civil Procedure Flow Chart (2019 Amendment Annotate. Local Rule 1.05, Local Rule 1.07 29, 2021)(citing Bedford v. Doe, 880 F.3d 993, 996-97 (8th Cir. As always, be a. The seizing agency shall also publish, in accordance with chapter 50, notice of the forfeiture complaint once each week for 2 consecutive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation, as defined in s. The complaint must, in addition to stating that which is required by s. The seizing agency shall be obligated to make a diligent search and inquiry as to the owner of the subject property, and if, after such diligent search and inquiry, the seizing agency is unable to ascertain any person entitled to notice, the actual notice requirements by mail shall not be applicable. LexisNexis Practice Guide on Florida Civil Procedure A motion under this subdivision does not affect the finality of a judgment, decree, or order or suspend its operation. P. 3, 4(a)(1)(A)(B) All civil cases other than complex and streamlined cases. The following overview provides 10 major changes that every busy practitioner should know about. Relief from Judgment, Decrees, or Orders, Statutes, Enter to open, tab to navigate, enter to select, https://content.next.westlaw.com/Document/NC373C2709F2911DAABB2C3422F8B1766/View/FullText.html?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default), Rule 1.540. Under such circumstances, the seizing agency shall not assess any towing charges, storage fees, administrative costs, or maintenance costs against the claimant with respect to the seized property or the forfeiture proceeding. Fed. RULE 1.030 NONVERIFICATION OF PLEADINGS. View on Westlaw or start a FREE TRIAL today, Rule 1.540. Fed. Law enforcement agency personnel involved in the seizure of property for forfeiture shall receive basic training and continuing education as required by the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act. I also liked to add blurbs about cases and explanatory hypotheticals to my typed-up version of a statute or rule. Here, Ill first distinguish between federal statutes, federal regulations, and Federal Rules such as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP). Instead, the FRCP is drafted by an Advisory Committee. The Department of Law Enforcement, in consultation with the Florida Sheriffs Association and the Florida Police Chiefs Association, shall develop guidelines and training procedures to be used by state and local law enforcement agencies and state attorneys in implementing the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act. The complaint shall be styled, In RE: FORFEITURE OF. Identify the structure and key language of the statute or rule. %PDF-1.6 % #short_code_si_icon img Flowchart or diagram the statute or rule. Digesting a statute or rule in this manner helps your learning tremendously. P.). 89-307; s. 6, ch. hbbd```b``"HB]"@$]LH._0DroI[ r>d,6Lh vQr&7L` d The first time you read a statute or rule you should read it slowly and carefully. Copyright 2008-2023 Jimerson Birr, P.A. WebFLORIDA RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE. The first year of law school is not just about learning the law. 4. 74-385; s. 4, ch. Jurisdiction II. (a) Summons; Issuance. 95-265; s. 27, ch. WebCiv Pro Flowcharts - Civil Procedure Flow Charts Civil Procedure Flow Charts University Boston University Course Civil Procedure (LAW 873) 23 Documents Academic Its proposals are subject to publication and public comment. P. 9 R. Civ. In 2010, the Florida Supreme Court explained the purpose of a verified complaint in foreclosure actions as follows: (1) to provide incentive for the plaintiff to appropriately investigate and verify its ownership of the note or right to enforce the note and ensure that the allegations in the complaint are accurate; (2) to conserve judicial resources that were being wasted on inappropriately pleaded lost note counts and inconsistent allegations; (3) to prevent the wasting of judicial resources and harm to defendants resulting from suits brought by plaintiffs not entitled to enforce the note; and. Each seizing agency shall adopt and implement written policies and procedures promoting the prompt release of seized property as may be required by the act or by agency determination when there is no legitimate basis for holding seized property. The determination as to whether to seize currency must be made by supervisory personnel. Importantly, keep in mind that few cases explain every aspect of a statute or rule. 401), HOW TO READ A STATUTE OR A RULE OF THE FRCP. Although the evidence attached to a summary judgement motion is no longer specifically defined in the rule, it still includes, depositions, documents, electronically stored information, affidavits or declarations, stipulations (including those made for purposes of the motion only), admissions, interrogatory answers, or other materials as would be admissible in evidence. On the commencement of the action, summons or other process authorized by First, they illustrate some (but not all) of the functioning of the statutes or rules we read. hZm6+`P6@5I{ 8($9iD'e"#y8/IIJIR(%p~*|4 ADeHgI 4(lk]P @6%+T 20zRd HR. 636(c) 28 U.S.C. A seizing agency shall adopt and implement written policies, procedures, and training to ensure compliance with all applicable legal requirements regarding seizing, maintaining, and the forfeiture of property under the Florida Contraband Forfeiture Act. Complex civil cases are actions that have been or may be designated by court order as complex under Florida Rule of Civil Procedure 1.201. Ill then discuss approaches to reading and understanding these dense materials. On April 29, 2021, the Florida Supreme Court adopted a new summary judgment standard. Statutes, Video Broadcast Relief from Judgment, Decrees, or Orders Outline West's Florida Statutes Annotated Florida Rules of Civil Procedure (Refs & Annos) Fla.R.Civ.P. R. Civ. 2023 Thomson Reuters. When the claimant prevails at the conclusion of the forfeiture proceeding, any decision to appeal must be made by the chief administrative official of the seizing agency, or his or her designee. The trial court shall also require the seizing agency to pay to the claimant any loss of income directly attributed to the continued seizure of income-producing property during the trial or appellate process.