1932 german presidential election

The writer Gerhart Hauptmann, painter Max Liebermann, Artur Mahraun, leader of the Young German Order, the industrialist Carl Duisberg, as well as the former ministers Otto Gessler and Gustav Noske were among the signatories of the appeal, which convinced Hindenburg to run. And if you liked this post, be sure to check out these popular posts: Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party didn't simply take Germany by force. Indeed, leftist splinter parties such as the Socialist Workers' Party of Germany and the Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund organization declared their support, as did intellectuals like Carl von Ossietzky. Crowds come out to cast their ballots in the first round of the presidential election. Boston Spa, Clever Lili is here to help you ace your exams. 4 Unemployment figures for March 31, 1932, were 6,031,000, of which 1,579,000 received regular unemployment insurance, 1,744,000 emergency aid. Nazi Party poster with photographs of 20 men supporting Hitler or Hindenburg in the 1932 presidential election. WebElecciones presidenciales de Alemania de 1932 (es); 1932 (yue); eleiciones presidenciales d'Alemaa de 1932 (ast); eleccions presidencials alemanyes de 1932 (ca); The 1932 German presidential elections were held on 13 March (first round) and 10 April (second round run-off). [1] They were the second and final direct elections to the office of President of the Reich ( Reichsprsident ), Germany's head of state under the Weimar Republic. His major opponent in the election was Adolf Hitler of the Nazi Party (NSDAP). Talk Elections General Politics Individual Politics (Moderator: The Dowager Mod) 1932 German Presidential Election-First Round previous next Pages: [ 1] Author Topic: 1932 German Presidential Election-First Round (Read 1870 times) Pages: [ 1] previous next Jump to: Mnchner Stadtmuseum, Munich, Germany 2014.jpg, Nazi Party (NSDAP) election poster Germany 1932. WebRM DAT1RE Hitler, Adolf, 20.4.1889 - 30.4.1945, German politician (NSDAP), with a young girl, election campaign, 1932, RM R8J321 President Paul von Hindenburg and Adolf Hitler on January 30th, 1933, when the latter was appointed chancellor in a ), Jahrbuch der Berufsverbnde im Deutschen Reiche, Geschftsbericht des Deutschen Beamtenbundes. 2 For a good discussion of the nature of modern political parties in Germany, see ProfessorNeumann, S., Die Deutschen Parteien, Junker und Dnnhaupt, 1932Google Scholar. The American Political Science Review (APSR) is the longest running While Hindenburg was frontrunner, Hitler's performance was shockingly high. 22 It may be of interest to cite some of the slogans, taken from a collection of about 100 different posters. 25 How impossible it is to determine exactly how the votes lost to the Communists, German Nationalists, and Winter were really distributed is shown clearly in an article Die Stimmen-Verschiebung in Das Tagebuch, April 16, 1932Google Scholar. State morality is the basis of public welfare. They'd been forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles, including its War Guilt Clause, which put the full blame for the war squarely on Germany's shoulders along with its expenses. The NSDAP, whose members were known as "Nazis", had risen from being a fringe group to the second-largest party in the Reichstag. 12 Hitler became a German citizen shortly before the election by becoming an official of the government of the state of Braunschweig, one of the seventeen German Lnder. Germany's Communist Party, the KPD, deck out their campaign office with signs warning of the dangers of voting for Hitler. Independent incumbent Paul von Hindenburg won a second seven-year term against WebWhat were the results of the presidential election of 1932? By the 1930s, the skilled propaganda campaigns of the Nazi Party had transformed Adolf Hitler from a little known extremist to a leading candidate for President. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The problem was settled (in the second attempt) by Dietrich Klagges, Nazi state minister in Brunswick, when he appointed him a government official. The last election had been held in 1925. The elections also saw the Nazi Party rise to national prominence,[2] gaining 95 seats. Company Reg no: 04489574. They were voted in. In 1932, German President Paul von Hindenburg, old, tired, and a bit senile, had won re-election as president but had lost a considerable portion of his The 1932 German presidential elections were held on 13 March (first round) and 10 April (second round run-off). A truck for President Paul von Hindenburg drives down the streets, warning the people that a vote for Hitler is a vote for "eternal discord.". Theodor Duesterberg, the deputy leader of the World War I veterans' organization Der Stahlhelm, ran in the first round but dropped out of the runoff. brings together political scientists from all fields of inquiry, regions, and The "Brownshirts" throw a parade, making a show of force to intimidate and sway voters toward Hitler. Democracy died and fascism rose because the people voted for it. Party representatives stand outside a polling station during the federal election, holding their placards high. We strive for accuracy and fairness. While most APSA members are scholars who teach and conduct By July 31, 1932, the people were angry. Book now . March 7, 1936 Hitler Reoccupies the Rhineland The area known as the Rhineland was a strip of German land that borders France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. 19 The exact quotation is Also geht hin und werbt fr Hindenburg. All of these companies are now members of a central organization really under the control of the Post Office Department, which holds 51 per cent of the stock of the central organization, which in turn controls 55.1 per cent of the capital of the member companies. Hitler succeeded Hindenburg as head of state upon his death in 1934, whereafter he abolished the office entirely, and replaced it with the new position of Fhrer und Reichskanzler ("Leader and Reich Chancellor"), cementing his rule. "The German Reichstag Elections of July 31, 1932", The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=July_1932_German_federal_election&oldid=1144885216, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Kleinrentner, Inflationsgeschdigte und Vorkriegsgeldbesitzer, Worker and Farmer Party of Germany/Christian Radical People's Front, Interessengemeinschaft der Kleinrentner und Inflationsgeschdigten, National Socialist People's Alliance for Truth and Justice, Handwerker, Handels- und Gewerbetreibende, Kriegsteilnehmer, Kriegsbeschdigte und Kriegshinterbliebene, Gerechtigkeitsbewegung fr Parteienverbot gegen Lohn-, Gehalts- und Rentenkrzungen fr Arbeitsbeschaffung, Deutsche Einheitspartei fr wahre Volkswirtschaft, Untersttzungsempfnger- Partei Deutschlands, Hchstgehalt der Beamten 5000 M. Fr die Arbeitslosen und bis jetzt abgewiesenen Kriegsbeschdigten, Liste gegen Krzung der Invaliden-, Sozial- und Kriegsbeschdigtenrenten, Der ernste evangelisch-lutherische Christ (Gerechtigkeits-Bewegung), Bund Bayerisches Handwerk und Gewerbe, Haus- und Grundbesitz und Landwirtschaft, Schicksalsgemeinschaft deutscher Erwerbslosen, Kampfgemeinschaft der Rentner, Sparer und Inflationsgeschdigten, Nationale Rentner, Sparer und Inflationsgeschdigte, Party of the Unemployed for Work and Bread, Freiheitliche National-Soziale Deutsche Mittelstandsbewegung, National-soziale Partei gegen die Hauszinssteuer, Kampfgemeinschaft fr Handwerk, Gewerbe, Hausbesitz und Landwirtschaft, General Social-National Unity Worker Party of Germany, Freiwirtschaftsbewegung fr Freiland, Freigeld, Festwhrung, Kampfbund der Lohn- und Gehaltsabgebauten und Auslandsgeschdigten, Kampfgemeinschaft der Lohn- und Gehaltsabgebauten, This page was last edited on 16 March 2023, at 03:20. Published online by Cambridge University Press: Jahrbuch der Deutschen Sozialdemocratie (1930), p. 303Google Scholar. In its earlier days, APSR also covered the personal and As a result of the election, President Paul von Hindenburg was reflected for another term of seven years beginning May 5. Although the Weimar Constitution had provided for a semi-presidential republic, structural weaknesses and political polarization had resulted in a paralyzed Reichstag and this combined with the Great Depression resulted in a government that had governed exclusively via presidential decrees since March 1930, giving the President much power. outside academe in government, research, organizations, consulting firms, the This election was important, first, because the Weimar constitutional system was threatened, and secondly, because the threatening force, Hitlerism, if victorious, not only presaged a profound change in the existing form of government in Germany, but might have been the prelude to internal strife, affecting the financial stake of the world in Germany, and possibly endangering international peace. WebUnused ballot distributed for the first round of the 1932 Presidential election in Germany held March 12. President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. Hitler and his Sturmabteilung paramilitary group lead a massive rally of supporters. 1932 German presidential election by District (1st round) - Simple.svg, 1932 German presidential election by District (1st round).svg, 1932 German presidential election by District (2nd round) - Simple.svg, 1932 German presidential election by District (2nd round).svg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-12940, Ernst Thlmann.jpg, Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P046284, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Werbung "Stahlhelm".jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-03161A, Berlin, Propaganda zur Reichsprsidentenwahl.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13203A, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Wahlwerbung.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13229, Heinrich Brning.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13236, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Werbeauto.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1972-033-19, Reichsprsidentenwahl.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13174, Berlin, Wahlplakat am Columbiahaus.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13221, Berlin, Brandenburger Tor, Wahlplakat.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13237, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Werbeauto.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13239, Heinrich Brning.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13240, Otto Meiner.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13241, Berlin, Kranker auf dem Weg zur Wahl.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 183-1984-0723-502, 1. The results of the two rounds were: March 1932: Hindenburg, 18 million votes (49.6%); Hitler, 11 million votes (30%); Thlmann, 5 million votes (14%). Federal elections were held in Germany on 31 July 1932, following the premature dissolution of the Reichstag. The Nazi Party made significant gains and became the largest party in the Reichstag for the first time, although they failed to win a majority. The Communist Party increased their vote share as well. Adolf Hitler and Nazi Party representatives pose together for a photograph while planning their election campaign. VAT reg no 816865400. WebWhat were the results of the presidential election of 1932? A woman casts her vote in the election that would ultimately give power to the Nazis. Turbocharge your history revision with our revolutionary new app! Hindenburg had contempt for the Nazis lawlessness but ultimately agreed to oust his chancellor, Heinrich Bruning, for Franz von Papen, who was willing to appease the Nazis by lifting the ban on Hitlers Brown Shirts and unilaterally canceling Germanys reparation payments, imposed by the Treaty of Versailles at the close of World War I. first published in November 1906 and appearing quarterly, is the Although Hindenburg was re-elected, Hitler saw his vote share increase by 6%, proving that the Nazi party was growing its support quickly. Request Permissions, Published By: American Political Science Association. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. President Paul Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Original file (SVG file, nominally 726 572 pixels, file size: 3.64 MB). 52121Google Scholar. There were two rounds to the presidential election of 1932. The first round was in March, but as no candidate won 50% of the vote there was a second round in April. Who were the candidates in the presidential election of 1932 in Germany? Web1932 April - Presidential election. Hindenburg died of lung cancer on August 2, 1934. Communist Party (KPD) leader Ernst Thlmann also ran and received more than ten percent of the vote in the runoff. Hitler then proceeded to purge the Brown Shirts (his storm troopers), the head of which, Ernst Rhm, had begun voicing opposition to the Nazi Partys terror tactics. The massive crowd of supporters that came out to see the Nazi Party leaders speak, seen from above. WebIn 1932 Germany needed a new president and Hitler became the candidate the for the Nazi Party and due to his speeches became the president, his speeches, however, Were anti-semitic and caused them to be opressed in many waysIn 1932 Germany needed a new president and Hitler became the candidate the for the Nazi Party and due to his speeches Hindenburg defeated Hitler in a runoff. WebIn the presidential elections of 1932, Nazi propagandists appealed to Germans left unemployed and destitute by the Great Depressionwith an offer of a savior. On August 19, 1934, Adolf Hitler, already chancellor, is also elected president of Germany in an unprecedented consolidation of power in the short history of the republic. WebThe 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. They promised to tear up the Treaty of Versailles, refuse to pay their debts, and take back the land that had been taken from them after the war. Down with Bolshevism; 5. Business must serve the people; 6. DNVP and Stahlhelm abstained from making any recommendations, while the Agricultural League and the industrialist Fritz Thyssen declared themselves in favour of Hitler. By the 1930s, the skilled propaganda campaigns of the Nazi Party had transformed Adolf Hitler from a little known extremist to a leading candidate for President. He therefore arranged the formation of a "Hindenburg committee" chaired by the Berlin mayor Heinrich Sahm, publishing a declaration of support to Hindenburg as the candidate of national unity and German Volksgemeinschaft. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Current one is: August 19. The German government of Chancellor Heinrich Brning had developed plans to evade direct elections by a Reichstag resolution to extend Hindenburg's time in office and arranged significant concessions to be made to Hitler's Nazi Party and the German National People's Party (DNVP) under chairman Alfred Hugenberg. Those close to the president wanted a cozier relationship to Hitler and the Nazis. Articles with the HISTORY.com Editors byline have been written or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan and Matt Mullen. What happened in the presidential election in 1932? A plebiscite vote was held on August 19. The same was true of Hitler in 1932. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core, Internationaler Sozialistischer Kampfbund, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=German_presidential_election,_1932&oldid=3667221, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. 214 High Street, Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The 1932 German presidential election was held on 13 March, with a runoff on 10 April. A campaign truck urges voters to cast their ballots for the DNVP: the German National People's Party. Web1932 April Presidential election. Critical Thinking Questions What can artifacts such as this one tell us about life in Germany before the Nazi rise to power? Nazi Party NSDAP. The federal election and Hitler's shot at becoming chancellor was just around the corner. April 1932: Hindenburg, 19 million votes (53%); Hitler, 13 million votes (36%); Thlmann, 4 million votes (11%). WebIn the 1932 presidential election campaign, Germanys establishment parties, including the leftist Social Democrats and several centrist parties, supported Paul von Hindenburg As the final votes are cast in the presidential election, supporters of each candidate make one last bid to sway the voters. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. Five years after the war ended, it took 4.2 trillion German marks to equal the value of one American dollar. Papen called an election in November after a vote of no confidence. President Paul von Hindenburg appointed a minority government, headed by the Centre Party's Heinrich Brning, which could only govern by using Hindenburg's emergency powers. It remains, until today, the last direct election of the German President. German presidential election (1949 West German presidential election. As Hindenburgs current chancellor could no longer gain a majority in the Reichstag, and Hitler could bring together a larger swath of the masses and a unified right/conservative/nationalist coalition, the president gave in. 14 According to the financial report of the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund for the year 1930, the total income of all the affiliated trade unions amounted to 29,795,653.97 marks, of which 20,739,629.41 marks were derived from dues. While it's easy to forget or misunderstand this, during the 1932 federal elections, nearly 14 million Germans voted for Hitler, the Nazis, and fascism. Summary Licensing I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license. Die Ergebnisse der Reichsprsidentenwahlen am 13. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. 15 The total income of the Social Democratic party for 1930 was 4,140,004 marks, of which at least 2,000,000 marks were spent for general agitation. The Stahlhelm, which supported Duesterberg in the first election, took no official stand in the second. However, both party leaders, unified in the Harzburg Front alliance of October 1931, rejected his proposals. Citizens and workers must become Germans; 2. Behind him, a man holds up a poster with Hitler's face. more than half) in the first round was elected. This page was last edited on 24 January 2022, at 00:11. Hitler's rage-filled ideas of racial superiority then started to seem more palatable to the people of Germany. [1] Independent incumbent Paul von Hindenburg won a second seven-year term against Adolf Hitler of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP). In March 1930, the governing grand coalition of the pro-republican partiesthe Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Centre Party and both liberal partiescollapsed. The "Brownshirts" keep people in line at a Nazi Party rally. science and contains an extensive book review section of the May - Brning resigned as Chancellor. Hitler came second to Hindenburg, who won 53 per cent of the vote to Hitlers 36.8 per cent. Gesetz ber die Wahl des Reichsprsidenten, March 6, 1924, par. Vllcischer Beobachter, April 5, 1932, p. 2Google Scholar. [1] They were the second and final direct elections to the office of There were two rounds to the presidential election of 1932. The Communist Party increased their vote share as well. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. The Nazis put Hitler on the ballot paper to 8 Organisationsbudh des Reichs-Landbundes (1930), p. 10Google Scholar. [1] They were the second and final direct elections to the office of President of the Reich (Reichsprsident), Germany's head of state under the Weimar Republic. If no candidate received a majority, then a second round would be held. WebResults of the second round of the 1932 German presidential election by administrative district (Kreis), indicating the most popular candidate. It is not necessary for the president of Germany to be a native-born citizen. It took a fire in the Reichstag, the death of a president, and a night of executions to make the Nazis' power absolute but that power originated with the will of the people. occupational endeavors. Mrz, 1932, report published by the minister of the Department of the Interior. 24 On April 5, 1932, Hitler published his program, the section headings of which were: 1. The Democratic Parties, united under a single banner, drive through the streets of Germany trying to rally the people to keep the fascists and the communists out. APSA 11 Among the more important non-party organizations officially supporting Hindenburg were: the Arbeitsgemeinschaft vereinigten Vertreter der katholischen Verbnde, claiming over 2,000,000 qualified voters; the three workers' federations mentioned above, with a total membership of more than 6,500,000; the Reichsbanner, the Deutsche Offiziersbund, and a large number of the member organizations of the Deutscher Beamtenbund. Chancellor Heinrich Brning steps out of the polling station after casting his vote against Hitler. the Proceedings of the APSA. preeminent political science journal in the United States and Founded in 1903, the American Political Science Association is the major professional President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. In February 1933, Hitler blamed a devastating Reichstag fire on the communists (its true cause remains a mystery) and convinced President Hindenburg to sign a decree suspending individual and civil liberties, a decree Hitler used to silence his political enemies with false arrests. A party was permitted to nominate an alternative candidate in the second round, but in 1932 this did not occur (unlike 1925). In the first round of voting Hindenburg achieved 49.6% of the votes - just short of the required 50% to be determined the winner (Hitler won 30%). Papens policies failed on another front: His authoritarian rule alienated his supporters, and he too was forced to resign. On April 5, 1932, Hitler published his program, the section headings of which were: 1. Wahlgang.jpg, Resultado elecciones presidenciales Alemanas de 1932.png, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13314, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Agitator.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13324, Berlin, Lustgarten, Ansprache Hitlers.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-14271B, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Ansprache Adolf Hitler.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 119-1940, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Wahlpropaganda.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 119-1942A, Berlin-Zehlendorf, Rede Joseph Goebbels.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-03156A, Berlin, Propaganda zur Reichsprsidentenwahl.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-03928A, Berlin, Propaganda zur Reichsprsidentenwahl.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R97782, Berlin, Wahlwerbung der NSDAP in.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13355, Berlin, Reichsprsidentenwahl, Wahlwerbung.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13356, Berlin, Menschen vor Reichsprsidentenpalais.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 102-13357, Berlin, Brning vor Wahllokal.jpg, Stimmzettel zur Reichsprsidentenwahl 1932.jpg, Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R99203, Berlin, Wahlplakat fr Hindenburg.jpg, Daspolitischepla00scho 0210 Erwin Schockel Das politische Plakat Hitler poster Reichsprsidentenwahl Mrz April 1932 Heinz Franke Druck Mnchen Anonymous No known copyright restrictions.jpg, Nazi Party (NSDAP) election poster 1932 (Hitler portrait, 11 millionen, Gib auch du deine Stimme dem Manne der Kraft). Under the Weimar Republic, which had arisen from Germany's defeat in World War I, the presidency was a powerful office. The presidential election was important because it showed how popular Hitler was. The men choosing Hitler are prominent But that was not enough for Hitler either. Brning's policies, implemented via presidential decree and tolerated by parliament, failed to solve the economic crisis and weakened the parliamentary system. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions The Reichslandbund came out for Hitler in the second election. President Hindenburg stood for election in 1932 against a backdrop of economic crisis and rising political tensions. The Nazis put Hitler on the ballot paper to stand against Hindenburg. In the first round of voting Hindenburg achieved 49.6% of the votes - just short of the required 50% to be determined the winner (Hitler won 30%). With so much debt to pay off, German money became practically worthless.

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